聖賞《D小調第一號小提琴奏鳴曲作品75》之分析與演奏詮釋

Abstract

談論到查爾斯‧卡米爾‧聖賞 (Charles Camille Saint-Saëns, 1835-1921) 通常會先想到他的管弦樂作品，例如《動物狂歡節》(Le carnaval des animaux) 及《骷髏之舞》(Danse Macabre)，但聖賞的創作種類除了交響曲、交響詩、協奏曲、歌劇，也涵蓋為各器樂編寫的小品和多部室內樂作品。在聖賞創作的中後時期更是創作了數首器樂奏鳴曲，不僅將器樂各自的優點發揮淋漓盡致，更展現其獨特優雅的創作風格。特別是《第一號d小調小提琴奏鳴曲作品75》 (Violin Sonata No.1 in d minor, Op. 75) 在當時由好友小提琴家馬丁‧皮埃爾‧約瑟‧馬希克 (Martin Pierre Joseph Marsick, 1847-1924) 首演後即在當時受到極高的評價，此曲提升當時器樂創作在法國音樂的重要性。本篇詮釋報告共分為四個章節，第一章為緒論，敘述筆者研究動機與目的，以及研究方法與範圍；第二章為文獻探討，先概述十九世紀法國的音樂發展，進而介紹聖賞生平、創作風格、寫作特色與各個時期之重要作品，以及第一號小提琴奏鳴曲之創作背景；第三章為樂曲分析與鋼琴合作詮釋探討，將依照樂章順序呈現各樂章的曲式結構、調性和聲及主題與動機，再加以分析與整理；並以鋼琴合作者觀點探討鋼琴與小提琴的互動關係，在合作上如何詮釋聖賞第一號小提琴奏鳴曲；第四章為結語，總結上述的要點整理並歸納出結語。Charles Camille Saint-Saëns (1835-1921) is often primarily associated with his orchestral works, such as The Carnival of the Animals and Dance of Death. However, Saint-Saëns' creative output extends beyond symphonies, symphonic poems, concertos, and operas, including various instrumental works and many chamber music. In his later periods, he composed several instrumental sonatas, which not only showcased the virtues of the instruments but also displayed the composer's uniquely elegant style. Particularly, his first Violin Sonata in D minor Op. 75, premiered by his friend, the violinist Martin Pierre Joseph Marsick (1847-1924), received widespread acclaim, elevatingthe status of chamber music in French music at that time.This thesis divided into four chapters. Chapter one serves as an introduction, outlining the author's research motives, objectives, methods, and scope. Chapter two explores the literature, providing an overview of music development in France between the 19th century, leading to Saint-Saëns's biography, compositional style, and important works from various periods, and the background of his first Violin Sonata. Chapter three focuses on musical analysis and collaborative interpretation with the piano and violin followed by analysis. It also discusses the interaction between the piano and violinfrom the perspective of the collaborative pianist, exploring how to interpret this work in their collaborative performance. Chapter four concludes by summarizing the key points and drawing conclusions from the preceding discussion.