臺北捷運高運量系統車務人員健康生活型態與其相關因素研究

Abstract

本研究係探討台北捷運車務人員之「飲食習慣」、「運動與休閒」、「日常生活安全型態」、「心理壓力調適」、「健康自我照護」及「菸、酒、檳榔之使用」等健康生活型態，並探討社會人口學變項與健康生活型態的關係，及社會人口學變項對健康生活型態的預測力。 依照路線特性進行分層抽樣，以參考相關文獻，及彙整專家學者意見所擬定之健康生活型態問卷進行施測，於民國96年4月至5月間進行，共239人接受施測。 在社會人口學變項的預測力方面，「飲食習慣」的主要預測變項為年齡、BMI及居住狀況，其中以年齡最具解釋力；「運動與休閒」的主要預測變項為年齡、婚姻狀況及工作年資，其中以年齡最具解釋力；「日常生活安全型態」的主要預測變項為宗教信仰；「心理壓力調適」的主要預測變項為年齡、宗教信仰及病假天數，其中以宗教信仰最具解釋力；各變項皆無法有效預測「健康自我照護」行為；「吸菸」的主要預測變項為性別及教育程度，其中以性別最具解釋力，「飲酒」的主要預測變項為BMI，但各變項皆無法有效預測「嚼檳榔」行為。 依研究結果，建議加強相關知識課程，並藉由活動或專業人員之引導來強化行動力，期能提升研究對象之健康生活型態。

The main purposes of this study were to understand the Metro Taipei train operators’healthy lifestyles,including eating habit,exercise and recreation,daily safety style,stress management,self health care and use of tobacco,alcohol and betel nuts,to reveal the relationships between the demographical variables and healthy lifestyles,and to realize the predictive validity of the demographic variables to healthy lifestyles. A stratified random sampling method was utilized to select the sample for the study. A self designed questionnaire was administered to the sample. The field survey was conducted in April and May 2007 with 239 valid samples. In terms of the predictive validity of the demographic variables,the study found that：the major predictive variables for eating habit were age,BMI and housing status；of them,age had the most powerful predictive validity；the major predictive variables for exercise and recreation were age,marital status and years of serving；of them,age had the most powerful predictive validity；the major predictive variables for daily safety style was religious belief；the major predictive variables for stress management were age,religious belief and days of leave of absence due to illness；of them,religious belief had the most powerful predictive validity；no variable was found which could be used to predict self health care；the major predictive variables for smoking behaviors were sex and educational background；of them,sex had the most powerful predictive validity；the major predictive variables for drinking behavior was BMI；and there was no variable which could be utilized to predict betel nuts chewing behavior. Based on the results of the study,several recommendations have been drawn regarding the arrangement of in service training programs and implementation of health promotion activities for the sake of upgrading the train operators’healthy lifestyles in the Metro Taipei.