實習心理師的心智負荷、自我照顧與身心健康之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討實習心理師的心智負荷、自我照顧與身心健康三者之間的關係，並探討不同性別、婚姻狀況、大學就讀科系、過去專業工作經驗、實習機構、實習津貼和壓力指數的實習心理師在心智負荷、自我照顧，及身心健康上的差異情形，更進一步以實習心理師的心智負荷和自我照顧對身心健康之預測力加以探討。本研究採橫斷式之相關研究設計，以問卷調查法進行資料收集，所使用研究工具包括「心智負荷量表」、「心理師自我照顧量表」與「一般健康量表」。研究對象為九十六學年度進行全職諮商心理實習的研究生，共發出181份問卷，回收160份，得有效樣本159份。調查所得資料分別以 t檢定、單因子變異數分析、積差相關分析、典型相關、多元迴歸分析之統計方法進行處理。本研究結果發現：一、在差異分析方面，不同諮商專業工作經驗、婚姻狀況和壓力指數之實習心理師在其心智負荷、自我照顧與身心健康有差異。二、在相關方面，實習心理師的心智負荷與自我照顧呈現負相關，意即心智負荷愈高，其自我照顧程度愈低；實習心理師的自我照顧與身心健康呈現負相關，意即自我照顧愈低，其身心症狀愈多；實習心理師的心智負荷與身心健康呈現正相關，意即心智負荷愈高，其身心症狀愈多。三、在預測力方面，實習心理師心智負荷與自我照顧兩變項聯合對身心健康的預測力達17.1％。最後，根據研究結果，提供建議給諮商實習心理師、督導、心理師教育養成單位，以及未來研究。

The purpose of the study was to explore the correlation between the mentalworkload, self-care and general health of the counseling psychology interns; and to analyze their difference across participarts’ various demographic variables. This research used questionnaires as tools. A cross-sectional correlation research design was employed. Participants in the study were master’s level counseling psychology students in internship in Taiwan. The data was collected in 2007. A total of 181 questionnaires were sent out, and 160 responses were received. One hundred and fifty-nine valid questionnaires were analyzed. The questionnaire was constructed for this study including personal demography, mentalworkload, self-care and general health of the counseling psychology interns. The results of the study were: 1. The level of mentalworkload, self-care and general health of the counseling psychology interns was related to marrital condition, previous counseling working experience and pressure index. 2. Those who felt higher level of mental workload paid less attention to self-care; those who felt higher level of mental workload paid less attention to general health; those who felt higher level of self-care paid more attention to general health. 3. Self-care and mental workload can predict the general health of these interns. Finally, suggestions were made for counseling psychology interns, supervisors, counselor educators and for future research.