時間貨幣導入區塊鏈方法之探索性研究

Abstract

時間銀行導入時間貨幣模式，據以因應少子化及長照等社會福利需求，然推動上遇到許多障礙，在數位轉型趨勢下，區塊鏈此新興平台技術，因具備服務資訊透明度、及時性、通存兌普遍性、及服務及時回饋評估性等特性下，被視為一種解決方案。鑑於國內時間貨幣研究較少著墨系統平台對組織經營效益之影響，及領導者在平台導入動機或者導入後發展相關研究與討論，據此本研究聚焦於導入區塊鏈特性的技術，探究時間貨幣組織能否解決現狀之運作阻礙，以增加其公信力及永續效益。本研究檢視區塊鏈文獻，歸納出理念信任、人力資源、財務管理、平台需求、資源整合五大構面，形成分析架構。在研究設計方面，採質性研究，透過立意取樣選取八位推動時間貨幣組織之領導者，繼而展開深度訪談蒐集資料，並進行資料編碼與分析。研究發現，導入者均支持區塊鏈平台可建立組織信任及公信力，增加資金多源管道，協助多元服務人力參與及提高參與度及社區經濟流動性。導入者觀察到功利主義下，人跟人互助及地方投入越來越被動，鼓勵年輕人成立社區組織造成資源更競爭現象及數位轉型浪潮下組織發展未有數位投資準備。即使未導入者對區塊鏈平台應用也多持正向觀點，但因組織資源依賴未能導入，導入意見可資參考。區塊鏈則存在以合法資格取得資源、釐清時間價值定義、引入企業型志工及人力中介充份溝通等問題。Time Bank introduced the time currency model to meet social welfare needs such as low birthrate and long-term care, but encountered many obstacles in its promotion. Under the trend of digital transformation, blockchain, an emerging platform technology, has the transparency and timeliness of service information. It is regarded as a solution under the characteristics of universality, universality of deposit and withdrawal, and timely feedback and evaluation of services. In view of the fact that domestic time and currency research is less concerned with the impact of system platforms on organizational operating efficiency, as less as leaders’ motivation for platform introduction, and limited related research and discussion after the platform introduction. This research focuses on the technology that introduces blockchain characteristics, explores time currency - whether the organization can solve the operational obstacles of the status quo in order to increase its credibility and sustainable efficiency.This research examines the blockchain literature, summarizes five aspects of (1) concept acceptance, (2) human resources, (3) financial management, (4) platform requirements, and (5) resource integration to form an analysis framework. In terms of research design, qualitative research was conducted, and eight leaders who promoted the Time Monetary Organization were selected through intentional sampling, and then in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data, and to conduct data coding and analysis.The study found that the implemented team support the blockchain platform to build organizational trust and credibility, increase the multi-source channels of funds, assist the participation of multi-service human resources and improve participation and community economic mobility. The implemented team observed that under utilitarianism, people-to-people mutual assistance and local investment are becoming more and more passive, encouraging young people to set up community organizations, resulting in more competition for resources and the wave of digital transformation. Organization development is not ready for digital investment. Even those who have not platform-implemented, have a positive view on the application of the blockchain platform, but they cannot start implementing the platform, which they depend on the availability of organizational resources, and the implementation experience/opinions can be used for reference. On the blockchain, problems are, obtaining resources with legal qualifications, clarifying the definition of time value, introducing enterprise-type volunteers and sufficient intermediaries’ communication.