科技大學學生任務價值、期限壓力及拖延：主動及被動拖延者之比較

Abstract

本研究主要從時間動機觀點檢測主動/被動拖延者在期限壓力下之任務價值、任務延遲及拖延行為之變化。研究參與者包含421名科技大學四年級之在學學生為研究參與者，研究工具包含拖延行為評定表、主動拖延量表、學業自我效能量表、任務價值量表及任務延遲量表，分析技術採取結構方程模式、Cohen's D、變異數分析、重複量數分析及t考驗。研究結果顯示，1.參與者對高工具價值學科之任務正向知覺較高，具有較高之自我效能、興趣、成就需求及熱衷取向，對低工具價值學科則反之。2.隨著任務期限接近，任務價值（第一次測量）對任務價值（第二次測量）具有直接正向效果；任務延遲（第一次測量）對任務延遲（第二次測量）具有直接負向效果。3.在任務價值及任務延遲之比較上，無拖延者比被動拖延者及主動拖延者具有較高之自我效能。本研究並根據研究結果提供建議。

The main purpose of this study was from a point of time motivation to compare the difference among active/passive procrastinators. The participants were 421 university of science students and research tools included procrastination check list, active procrastination scale, academic self-efficacy scale, task value scale and task delay scale. Questionnaires were analyzed by structural equation model, t test, ANOVA, Cohen's d and repeated measures analysis. The results of this study were as follows: (1)Participants perceived task value, with higher standards of self-efficacy, interest, achievements and demand oriented. (2)With the mandate of approaching, the task value (first measurement) had a direct positive effect on task value(second measurement), in relative terms, task delayed (first measurement) had a direct negative effect on task delayed (second measurement). (3)Three different procrastinator types revealed different level of task value and task delay. Implications for theory, practice and research are discussed.