社群網站使用情形與寂寞感之關係:青銀世代、使用社交動機程度、害羞與社交傾向之調節效果

Abstract

臉書使用能降低寂寞感嗎？或是愈用愈寂寞呢？過去研究顯示，年輕人使用臉書會增加寂寞感；但在高齡者的研究上發現，高齡者透過使用臉書互動，能降低寂寞感。此外，過去研究也發現，臉書使用與寂寞感的關係，也會因主動或被動的使用方式和性格害羞傾向、社交傾向的不同而有所差異。故本研究旨在探討個人臉書使用情形與寂寞感之關係，並將年齡、使用社交動機程度、害羞傾向與社交傾向作為調節變項進行探究。本研究採問卷調查法，以方便取樣方式進行研究對象之抽樣，回收北部地區234份有效問卷，其中大學生113份，年齡介於18至25歲，平均19.40歲；高齡者121份，年齡介於50至82歲，平均60.81歲。本研究分析方法採用階層迴歸分析。研究結果顯示(1)年齡會調節個人社群網站使用情形與寂寞感之關係，年輕人與高齡者使用使用臉書時間越長寂寞感皆會下降，在年輕人方面差異並不大，但高齡者隨著使用臉書時間越長寂寞感大幅降低。(2)害羞傾向會調節個人社群網站使用情形與寂寞感之關係。害羞傾向高與害羞傾向低之人，使用使用臉書時間越長，寂寞感皆會上升，但害羞傾向高的人上升幅度較大。Does Facebook make us more or less lonely? Past studies have shown that the youth using Facebook experience increased loneliness, but the elderly can reduce their loneliness through Facebook use. In addition, past research has also found that the relationship between Facebook use and loneliness differs depending on active or passive use, the personality trait of shyness, and social tendencies. This study takes age, purpose of Facebook social motivation use, shyness and sociability as moderator variables to discuss whether age, purpose of Facebook social motivation use, shyness and sociability would affect the relationship between Facebook use and loneliness. This study adopted survey method using package of a questionnaire and convenience sampling. Convenience sampling of Greater Taipei Area youths and elders obtained 234 valid questionnaires. The research participants included 113 college students with an age range of 18 to 25 and an average age of 19.40 years old, and 121 seniors with an age range of 50 to 82 and an average of 60.81 years old. This analysis method used a moderated hierarchical regression analysis. The results are as follows: (1) Age has a moderating effect between Facebook use and loneliness. The youth and elderly who used Facebook for longer had decreased loneliness. There was not much difference for the youth, but the elderly’s loneliness decreased dramatically as they used Facebook; (2) Shyness has a moderating effect between Facebook use and loneliness. People with high and low levels of shyness who used Facebook for longer experienced increased loneliness, but the loneliness of those with high shyness increased more as they used Facebook.