臺北市國民中學創新經營之研究
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2005
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摘要
本研究首先探討學校創新經營的意義與內涵；其次以學校創新經營為主題，進行調查研究，從學校創新經營的內涵、學校創新經營的行政運作、學校創新經營的影響因素及困難問題，來探討與分析臺北市國民中學創新經營的現況與問題。
本研究除以文獻分析創新經營的相關理論與研究外，並採用問卷調查法與訪談法，以臺北市國民中學的教育人員為對象，進行研究。本研究所獲致的結論說明如下：
一、學校創新經營的內涵具有多面向
學校創新經營的內涵包括：行政管理創新、課程與教學創新、學生活動創新、教學專業發展創新、社會資源整合創新及校園環境營造等六項。此六項創新內涵，涵蓋了組織創新的管理創新與技術創新二大層面。
二、學校創新經營的現況普遍良好
(一)創新經營具普遍性
(二)創新經營具教育性
(三)創新經營具獨特性
三、學校創新經營的影響因素
(一)校長的創新經營理念
(二)教師、家長的意願、能力與認同
(三)其他因素：社區文化環境與資源、學校的空間與設備、教育政策與行政措施等。
四、學校創新經營的相關問題
(一)經費不足
(二)成員參與的意願低落
(三)時間不足
(四)缺乏具體可行的方案
(五)組織學習機制不足
五、創新經營現況受學校背景因素影響而略有差異
依據研究結果，本研究提出以下之建議：
一、對教育行政機關的建議
(一)定期檢討相關行政措施賦予各校組織創新的空間
(二)適度補助各校創新經營經費
(三)增進國中校長創新經營知能
(四)修正國民中學校務評鑑指標
二、對學校的建議
(一)建立組織學習機制，提昇學校成員創新經營知能
(二)融入校務發展目標，追求創新經營的永續發展
(三)活化學校組織氣氛，激發成員創意與參與意願
(四)借鏡企業經營精神，擴大學校創新經營績效
三、進一步研究的建議
在研究方法方面，後續研究可增加結構式的訪談或採取個案研究法進行研究；在研究對象方面，研究範圍可擴充至其他縣市之國民中學，或納入私立學校，以更深入的瞭解研究主題的現況；在研究內容方面，後續研究可進一步針對學校創新經營之策略、衡量指標等，進行深入的研究。
The Study of Innovative Management in Taipei’s Junior High Schools Abstract The main purpose of this study is to: 1. explore the meaning of school innovative management. 2. understand and analyze the current situation of innovative management in Taipei’s junior high schools. 3. submit viewpoints and suggestions concluding from the research for those who concern our education innovation. In addition to theoretic and documental analysis, this study adopted the questionnaire and the interview as the main tool for data collection. The object of investigation is teachers and administrators working in 58 Taipei municipal junior high schools. The major results were summarized as following: 1. The content of school innovative management possesses multiple facets needs to treat. The content of school innovative management include：administration innovation, curriculum and teaching innovation, student activity innovation, teacher professional development innovation, society and environment resources application innovation, and campus environment beautification innovation. These six items cover both administrative and technical innovation layer of administrative innovations. 2. Generally speaking, the implementation condition of innovative management in Taipei’s junior high schools is good. (1) The innovative management has been prevalently accepted in school. (2) Educational elements have been usually emphasized during the implementation of innovative management. (3) The performance of innovative management can possess its particularity in each school. 3. The factors that effect school innovative management: (1) The principal’s innovative management strategies. (2) The willing, ability, and the corporation of teachers and student’s parents. (3) Other factors：the culture environment and resources of community, the space and facilities of school, education policy and administration condition. 4. The problems encountered on school innovative management: (1) Financial insufficiency. (2) Member’s low participating willing. (3) Lack of time. (4) Lack of feasible project. (5) Lack of learning organization. 5. The divergence in content of the innovative management among schools do exist, but is slight. Based on research results, this study suggests: 1. Educational authorities should (1) review the related administrative policies periodically, and authorize schools more power to renew its organization. (2) proper financial aids. (3) enrich principals’ knowledge and ability of innovative management. (4) modify junior high school’s academic affairs appraisal indexes. 2. The principal and his staff should (1) establish learning organization in school to improve the teaching staff’s capability of innovation. (2) make whole teaching staff agree with the object of innovation , and engage in school’s permanent development. (3) create an active organization atmosphere, inspire all teaching staff’s creativity and participation. (4) borrow the innovative spirit from enterprise management, enlarge the efficacy.
The Study of Innovative Management in Taipei’s Junior High Schools Abstract The main purpose of this study is to: 1. explore the meaning of school innovative management. 2. understand and analyze the current situation of innovative management in Taipei’s junior high schools. 3. submit viewpoints and suggestions concluding from the research for those who concern our education innovation. In addition to theoretic and documental analysis, this study adopted the questionnaire and the interview as the main tool for data collection. The object of investigation is teachers and administrators working in 58 Taipei municipal junior high schools. The major results were summarized as following: 1. The content of school innovative management possesses multiple facets needs to treat. The content of school innovative management include：administration innovation, curriculum and teaching innovation, student activity innovation, teacher professional development innovation, society and environment resources application innovation, and campus environment beautification innovation. These six items cover both administrative and technical innovation layer of administrative innovations. 2. Generally speaking, the implementation condition of innovative management in Taipei’s junior high schools is good. (1) The innovative management has been prevalently accepted in school. (2) Educational elements have been usually emphasized during the implementation of innovative management. (3) The performance of innovative management can possess its particularity in each school. 3. The factors that effect school innovative management: (1) The principal’s innovative management strategies. (2) The willing, ability, and the corporation of teachers and student’s parents. (3) Other factors：the culture environment and resources of community, the space and facilities of school, education policy and administration condition. 4. The problems encountered on school innovative management: (1) Financial insufficiency. (2) Member’s low participating willing. (3) Lack of time. (4) Lack of feasible project. (5) Lack of learning organization. 5. The divergence in content of the innovative management among schools do exist, but is slight. Based on research results, this study suggests: 1. Educational authorities should (1) review the related administrative policies periodically, and authorize schools more power to renew its organization. (2) proper financial aids. (3) enrich principals’ knowledge and ability of innovative management. (4) modify junior high school’s academic affairs appraisal indexes. 2. The principal and his staff should (1) establish learning organization in school to improve the teaching staff’s capability of innovation. (2) make whole teaching staff agree with the object of innovation , and engage in school’s permanent development. (3) create an active organization atmosphere, inspire all teaching staff’s creativity and participation. (4) borrow the innovative spirit from enterprise management, enlarge the efficacy.
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Keywords
創新經營, 學校創新經營