女性自我認同研究--褚湘婷油畫創作

Abstract

摘要

本研究從2010年開始以身體作為創作重點，探討身體作為藝術的永恆題材，以及大眾意識與個人認同塑造的關係。女性身體不但是藝術中的謬思女神，也是現今社會中不斷推陳出新的各種女神。身體存在於藝術中，已有漫長的歷史，性別的身體各自承載著不同的語言與歷史。身體一出生便被社會規訓，被眾多目光凝視與期待，身體被二元分立為男/女性別，身體不斷的在學習符合社會對性別期待的角色扮演。筆者從生活中大眾流行文化之常見女性形象與自身學習藝術的路上所關注的女性身體議題為創作靈感來源，表達部份女性生理與心理經驗。 生活中所接收的媒體訊息中，常常見到女藝人因為體重增加就被無情言語攻擊，尤其是充斥在新聞版面的各種“女神”，似乎沒有權力對身材放鬆，而“女神”又是如何越來越多？一般的大眾女性受到媒體造神的影響為何？會不會因此只能用跟媒體相同的觀點看待自己的身體，以避免被邊緣化？ 身體是權力與知識的刻畫場域，社會文化卻似乎鼓勵女性隱藏或壓抑自我意識，而此種隱藏與壓抑，卻如不得違抗的規範般創造了普遍女性意識，對大眾媒體神化女性、影視明星有推波助瀾之效。尤其在科技發達的現代，媒體已深入普羅大眾的生活中，造神運動比過往更明顯而快速能達到效果，卻也陷入一種輪迴中，不斷的複製，創造出塑造女性自我認同的典範。本研究以女性主義理論為基礎，另外從普普藝術與後現代藝術之藝術作品分析藝術如何呈現大眾文化現象，再釐清媒體對女性自我認同所造成的影響與方法，最後反思自身的創作，解析作品內容與前面論述的連結，歸結現階段創作的狀態，從中思考未來創作的方向。

關鍵字：女性身體、女神、大眾媒體、大眾流行文化Abstract Beginning in 2010, this research takes body as the pivot of creative process, investigating the body as an eternal subject for art and how cellective consciousness and individual identity are shaped. Female body not only plays the role of muse in art field but also is the ever-changing “goddess” images in modern society. Body has been living in art for a long history and the genders of body have respectively carried different languages and histories. Ever since a body is born, it has undergone the discipline and gaze from the society; the body is divided into male and female which are constantly learning role playing to meet society’s anticipations. Being inspired by how female images are displayed in mass culture of everyday life and what subjects for female body are created during my time in leaning art, I wish to share some of female’s physiological and psychological experiences in this paper. In mass media, it is often seen that a female celebrity is reviled by public opinions only because gaining body weight, especially for those “goddesses” who have always been appropriated to fill the entertainment pages in newspapers. There is no right for a “goddess” to gain weight. Why the “goddess” phenomenon is increasing in popular culture so rapidly? How ordinary females are influenced by this “goddess” phenomenon created by mass media? Does it lead to the conclusion that one has to be identified with mass media’s values in order to avoid being marginalized by the society? Body is the practice field of power and knowledge; however, our society seems to encourage female to conceal or suppress self-consciousness and such concealment or suppression will eventually help to build a body discipline for female collective consciousness. The “goddess” phenomenon or stardom circulated by mass media has intensified such mentality and, with the help of technology, the media has immersed deeply inside the life of common people and has also created an idolized world easier than ever. This whole process has come to a deadlock where only duplication and repetition take place in shaping female’s self images. This study, based upon feminist theory, tries to understand how popular culture is portrayed by analyzing several works from Pop art to postmodern art and in what way do female self identification is influenced and shaped by mass media; the study also re-evaluate the works of its author in an attempt to clarify her creative status at this very moment and possible directions for her future creative works. Key Words: Female Body, Body, Goddess, Mass media, Popular Culture