國中生家庭互動模式與道德判斷之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國中生家庭互動模式與道德判斷之關係，及比較不同個人背景變項（性別、家庭組成結構、與父母居住情形、家庭經濟結構）在家庭互動模式與道德判斷成熟度上的差異情形。本研究採取問卷調查法蒐集實徵資料，研究工具為「社會問題意見調查表」及「家庭凝聚性、家庭應變彈性評估量表」，研究樣本包含台灣地區23所國民中學一、二年級學生，共計781名。本研究的資料處理採用描述統計、t考驗及單因子變異數分析等統計方法處理，並逐一討論各項研究結果，茲將本研究結果歸納如下： 一、 國中生家庭凝聚性及應變彈性皆在中等程度以上。 二、 國中女生知覺的家庭應變彈性高於男生。 三、 國中生知覺的家庭凝聚性以雙親家庭者較高。 四、 國中生知覺的家庭凝聚性及應變彈性皆以與父母同住者較高。 五、 不同家庭經濟結構的國中生，所知覺的家庭凝聚性及應變彈性皆無差異存在。 六、 國中生道德判斷發展屬於中等以下成熟度。 七、 國中女生的道德判斷優於男生。 八、 家庭凝聚性所形成的三類家庭之國中生，其道德判斷成熟分數無顯著差異。 九、 家庭應變彈性所形成的三類家庭之國中生，其道德判斷成熟分數無顯著差異。

根據上述結論，本研究提出下列建議： 一、家庭教育 （一）重視家庭和諧氣氛 （二）以民主尊重的態度教育子女 （三）重視男生的家庭凝聚性及家庭應變彈性 二、學校教育 （一）加強「法律和秩序導向」及「原則性層次」的道德教育 （二）重視性別差異，因材施教，提升國中男生的道德判斷 （三） 推行親職教育，加強輔導單親及與父母分居的學生 三、社會教育 （一）重視婚姻責任 （二）確實執行家庭教育法 四、未來研究 （一）兼顧質與量之研究方法 （二）擴大研究對象 （三） 加家庭因素的研究變項The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationships between junior high school students’ Circumplex model and moral judgment. Another purpose is to compare the difference of students’ family cohesion, family flexibility and moral judgment on different background variables. The instruments applied in this study included “Family Flexibility and Cohesion Evaluation Scales” and “Defining Issues Test”. The subjects included 781 junior school students in Taiwan. The data collected were statistically analyzed by T-Test and One-Way ANOVA. The conclusion of the study were as follows: 1. Junior high school students’ awareness of family cohesion and flexibility were on the middle degree. 2. Girls’ awareness of family flexibility were higher than boys’. 3. Two-parents students’ awareness of family cohesion were higher. 4. The awareness of family cohesion and flexibility of students living with parents were higher. 5. Junior high school students have no differences in the awareness of family cohesion and flexibility among different family economical structure. 6. Junior high school students’ moral judgment were under the middle degree. 7. Girls’ moral judgment were more mature than boys’. 8. Junior high school students of three types of family cohesion have no differences in moral judgment. 9. Junior high school students of three types of family flexibility have no differences in moral judgment. Based on the results , discussion and suggestion about this research were presented.