新進公職社工師因應工作壓力經驗初探：以社福中心為例

Abstract

本研究運用質性研究方法，探究社福中心新進公職社工師的工作壓力經驗與感受，以及探討他們如何因應工作壓力，並透過立意抽樣招募八名受訪者，透過深度訪談法進行訪談，接續以主題分析法進行分析。研究發現受訪者擁有多元的工作壓力來源，呼應Brown和Bourne（1996）提及的社工工作壓力來源，四大壓力系統下還需同時處理來自社會與政治壓力下所帶來的工作負荷。同時，不同背景與年資的受訪者，對壓力的感受與回應方式也有所不同，顯示制度熟悉度與工作經驗會影響因應策略的選擇。在壓力因應方面，除了過去常見的情緒型、問題型與功能失調型策略之外，本研究歸納出三種具有在地特色的補充策略，包括他人支持型、療癒修復型與結構退出型，這些壓力策略反映出在資源有限與制度支持不足的情況下，受訪者仍會透過可行的方法來維持專業行動與身心穩定，這些壓力因應策略有些是短期的調適方式，也有些與後續的職涯選擇有關，說明其因應行為與專業認同之間存在密切關聯。本研究亦揭示受訪者在壓力歷程中對專業位置的理解與未來職涯選擇的思索，並提出實務、教育與政策層面的建議，呼籲重視社福中心新進公職社工師的支持需求，最後，本研究從研究者自身創傷經驗出發，期盼此研究不僅能帶來更多的共鳴與支持，補充既有文獻對此族群關注之不足，與作為未來制度設計與職場支持機制調整重要參考。This study adopts a qualitative research approach to explore the experiences and perceptions of work-related stress among early career public social workers in social welfare service centers, and to examine how they respond to such stress. Eight participants were recruited through purposive sampling, and data were collected through in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes.Findings indicate that participants encountered a diverse range of stressors, echoing the framework proposed by Brown and Bourne (1996) on systemic stress in social work. In addition to the four major stress systems identified in existing literature, participants also reported additional burdens stemming from broader social and political pressures. Furthermore, differences in background and length of service shaped how participants perceived and coped with stress, highlighting the role of institutional familiarity and professional experience in influencing coping strategy choices.Beyond the commonly noted emotion-focused, problem-focused, and dysfunctional strategies, this study identifies three context-specific supplementary approaches: support-seeking, healing and restorative, and structural withdrawal. These coping strategies reflect how, even under limited resources and inadequate institutional support, participants sought feasible ways to maintain professional functioning and psychological well-being. While some strategies served as short-term adjustments, others were closely linked to long-term career decisions, underscoring the close connection between coping behaviors and professional identity.This study also reveals how participants made sense of their professional roles and contemplated future career directions through their experiences of stress. Drawing from these findings, the study offers practical, educational, and policy-level recommendations to strengthen support for early career public social workers in social welfare service centers. Finally, grounded in the researcher’s own experiences of professional trauma, this study seeks to bring greater resonance and support to those navigating similar paths, while contributing to the growing body of literature and informing future institutional and workplace policy development.