複合意象圖形運用於環保海報設計之研究
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2005
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摘 要
複合意象圖形是視覺雙關性的表現形式，透過以視覺傳達為目的，將兩種或兩種以上可運用的辭彙或物像並列配置，獲得具有趣味性的排列組合之圖形。因複合意象圖形具有兩個或兩個以上的意象，藉由雙重意象或多義圖形，產生視覺混淆、幽默風趣或矛盾驚奇的視覺效果，故能引起觀者注意並樂於主動思索探究，進而接受設計的意念，達到視覺傳達之溝通與說服之的功能。
本論文從文獻中歸納釐清複合意象圖形的定義及功能。複合意象圖形是視覺雙關的表現形式，故先探討視覺雙關於視覺傳達之應用類型，其類形有六（包括意義及形式）：1.諧音的視覺轉換、2.諧義的視覺轉換、3.文字之雙關、4.對比雙關、5.錯視圖形、6.融合圖形，據此六種視覺雙關的類型，分析歸納海報設計作品。複合意象圖形是以形式為主的視覺雙關的表現形式，故歸納其類型為對比雙關、錯視圖形與融合圖形。
將研究心得運用於環保海報設計，得到下面幾點結論：
一、視覺雙關的複合意象圖形，透過兩種或兩種以上辭彙或物像組合，形成雙重意象或多義圖形，可作為有效的圖像創意思考與表達的策略。
二、複合意象圖形依構成方法分析出的三種類別：對比雙關、錯視圖形、融合圖形，經創作實驗，建議僅作為美感構圖的參考，意念的傳達為主，再尋求構圖的適切美感使意念體現，否則易流於形式，不能藉複合意象傳達深刻的意涵。
三、數位影像合成可以讓複合意象圖形快速有效實現，並且激發更多效果。但沒有目的的影像堆砌，不如依設計目的將圖像形成意義或形式具有隱含意或視覺雙關的意象，以有效發揮視覺傳達表達、溝通與說服的目的。
Abstract The ambiguous figure is the form of visual pun. Taking visual transmission as the main purpose, we rearrange two to three items parallel to obtain an interesting combination of figures. The ambiguous figures combine with more than two meanings—an illusion of down pictures and a polysemous pun figures. It produces an optical effect that is eye-twisting, humorous and amazing. Therefore, it successfully draws viewers’ attention and further reaches its goal of persuasion and communication. The article summed up the functions and definitions of ambiguous figures to discuss the model of optical pun figures that included—down pictures, polysemous figures, hidden painting, right and upside-down painting, and space and distance twist painting. There are six types of illusions—1. the optical changes of homonym; 2. the optical changes of polysemy; 3. contrasting pun; 4. words of pun; 5. illusion figures; 6. compoundindications image. With the combination of these four models, we conducted a software study of digital image composition. By studying the posters of environmental protection, the conclusions are as followed: 1. The ambiguous figure of optical pun is a meaningful combination of two or three elements that can match with design requirements and produce a creative graphic design. 2. According to the method of combination, there are four forms of ambiguous figures. Through experimental creation, the author suggested to first focus on the purpose of communication then to pursue a proper esthetic way of presentation. Or, it will show just a pattern itself rather than express the deep meaning of the image. 3. The composition of the digital image can realize an ambiguous figure rapidly and excite an optical effect as well. However, the accumulation of graphs with no meaning can never be as expressive, as persuasive and as communicable as a solid, integrated image.
Abstract The ambiguous figure is the form of visual pun. Taking visual transmission as the main purpose, we rearrange two to three items parallel to obtain an interesting combination of figures. The ambiguous figures combine with more than two meanings—an illusion of down pictures and a polysemous pun figures. It produces an optical effect that is eye-twisting, humorous and amazing. Therefore, it successfully draws viewers’ attention and further reaches its goal of persuasion and communication. The article summed up the functions and definitions of ambiguous figures to discuss the model of optical pun figures that included—down pictures, polysemous figures, hidden painting, right and upside-down painting, and space and distance twist painting. There are six types of illusions—1. the optical changes of homonym; 2. the optical changes of polysemy; 3. contrasting pun; 4. words of pun; 5. illusion figures; 6. compoundindications image. With the combination of these four models, we conducted a software study of digital image composition. By studying the posters of environmental protection, the conclusions are as followed: 1. The ambiguous figure of optical pun is a meaningful combination of two or three elements that can match with design requirements and produce a creative graphic design. 2. According to the method of combination, there are four forms of ambiguous figures. Through experimental creation, the author suggested to first focus on the purpose of communication then to pursue a proper esthetic way of presentation. Or, it will show just a pattern itself rather than express the deep meaning of the image. 3. The composition of the digital image can realize an ambiguous figure rapidly and excite an optical effect as well. However, the accumulation of graphs with no meaning can never be as expressive, as persuasive and as communicable as a solid, integrated image.
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Keywords
複合意象圖形, 視覺雙關, 海報, Ambiguous figures, visual pun, poster