連環再冷系統應用於普通病房改建負壓隔離病房之研究

Abstract

本研究探討如何應用連環再冷系統將一般病房改建成負壓隔離病房，彙整國內外關於負壓隔離病房規劃之準則，並進行實際醫院改造案例之規劃，以驗證連環再冷系統用於醫院的可行性。研究結果可作為日後緊急建設臨時負壓隔離病房之參考依據。本研究為設計符合臺灣中央衛生主管機關所規定之負壓8 Pa的負壓隔離病房，需先蒐集負壓病房建置法規及限制之相關文獻，計算進排風機之風量，並針對建置問題跟符合相關法規找尋對應之解決方案。最後，以理論分析搭配實驗規劃進行CONTAM模擬測試，確定並驗證連環再冷系統應用於負壓隔離病房之可行性。主要研究結果如下：(1)一般病房無前室的設計，可於病房門口及廁所中間設置厚重百頁簾以及壓力釋壓風門 (Pressure Relief Dampers) 以形成簡易的前室；(2)比較醫院原始單風管變風量系統 (SDVAV) 以及改良後連環再冷系統 (CRS) 時的靜壓值與風量，明顯發現靜壓差距較大，無法沿用原始風機或增加風機，故更換風機較符合病房建置之經濟效益。This study explores how to apply the chain recooling system to convert general wards into negative pressure isolation wards, collects domestic and foreign guidelines on the planning of negative pressure isolation wards, and conducts planning actual hospital renovation cases to verify the feasibility of the chain recooling system in hospitals. The findings of the research are to be served as a reference for the emergency construction of a temporary negative pressure isolation ward in the future. In this study, in order to design a negative pressure isolation ward with a negative pressure of 8 Pa stipulated by the central health authority in Taiwan, it is necessary to first collect relevant documents on the construction regulations and restrictions of negative pressure wards, calculate the air volume of the intake and exhaust fans and find solutions that comply with relevant regulations. Finally, the CONTAM simulation test is carried out through theoretical analysis and experimental planning to determine and verify the feasibility of the chain recooling system used in the negative pressure isolation ward. The main results of the study are as follows: (1) In general wards without an antechamber, thick venetian blinds as well as pressure relief dampers can be installed at the entrance of the ward and in the middle of the toilet to form a simple front chamber; (2) Comparing the static pressure value and air volume of the hospital's original single-duct variable air volume system (SDVAV) and the chain recooling system (CRS), it is obvious that the static pressure gap is large, so the original fans cannot be used, nor can more fans of original types be added. Therefore, replacing the fans is more in line with the economic benefits of ward construction.