永續發展下運用CLT於被動式住宅設計之創作研究

Abstract

在一些國際研究資訊顯示，多數城市主要使用鋼和混凝土作為建築結構，此建築形態對於全球二氧化碳排放量已佔有將近8％，而這種情況將不利環境的永續發展。 探討環境的永續下，發現木材為唯一可再生之天然綠建材，但多數人對於木造建築的堪憂，例如不防水或耐震性不佳……等，導致民眾對於木建築存在許多既定印象。縱橫多層次實木結構積材（Cross-Laminated Timber；CLT）為一種新興木造材料，其運用的是新式的木構造工法，木材亦可回收再利用，不僅可減少環境中二氧化碳的排放與資源的浩劫，更是對環境產生積極影響。 氣候問題應促使人們對住宅基礎建設產生更高的標準，而被動式房屋為一種新技術，其中包含五大設計原理；隔熱設計、玻璃設計、適當通風、氣密結構、減少熱橋設計，藉由達到各項目之認可標準以落實被動式房屋設計。被動式住宅不僅可改善居住環境品質，亦可減少能源的耗費，並且效益是可持續的。 本研究欲將可再生資源CLT（Cross-Laminated Timber）與被動式房屋（Passive house）設計原理進行結合與運用，並以台灣北部地區為例，進行調查與深入探討其可行性與未來發展之效益。透過本設計創作，傳達及轉換民眾對於木造建築及節能住宅的認知，以改變建築與居住型態的方式來解決氣候問題，使環境得以永續。The climate issue has induced us to design a new way to construct the building. Most people will think about the quality of a wooden building is not high such as waterproofing or vibration which resulted in a traditional impression façade. In the compilation of several international studies, urban structures are built in steel and concrete predominately. Thus, it is liable for almost 8% of the world’s CO2, and the situation will be a detriment to the world. There is a new method of wood building construction called Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT). The wood material is an ideal choice with a positive impact on the environment, as it is recyclable and sustainable to reduce CO2 emission. The climate issue has rung a bell to people on providing higher standards to build the infrastructure. Hence, there is a new technological system called ‘passive house’ which enhance the space to produce more comfort, sustainability, and affordability. The five principles of a ‘passive house’ are thermal insulation, passive house windows, adequate ventilation strategy, airtightness and thermal bridge reduced design. It combines with using CLT construction as the structure for ‘passive house’. This design can express on utilising the living space better to resolve the climate issue from changing the way we construct the building.