臺北縣客家社會團體推動客家文化活動現況與問題之研究

Abstract

世界各先進國家對特殊弱勢族群與其文化均有保護政策。臺灣客家族群向來都較為弱勢，尤其在大環境多元社會文化互動消長變動下，客家族群文化正面臨著快速消失的危機；為了挽救客家族群文化消失危機，客家有識之士希望凝聚客家精英與政府的力量，極力爭取政府設立客家專責機構，以司掌振興客家傳統文化、肩負延續客家文化命脈，開創客家新契機的使命。臺北縣政府甫於2005年1月在文化局下成立二級單位之客家事務課，又在客家各NPO推動下正規劃成立縣府一級單位；NPO推動力除政策考量外，是否也在推動客家事務與客家文化有所表現？因此，本研究旨在：（一）為瞭解臺北縣推動客家文化活動之客家社會團體的基本結構、組織型態與任務功能。（二）瞭解臺北縣之客家社會團體推動客家文化活動，及其活動方式。（三）探討臺北縣之社會團體推動客家文化資源整合情形。（四）探討臺北縣客家社會團體推動客家文化活動所遭遇之問題。（五）研究結果作為相關單位輔導客家社會團體之參考。本研究除將蒐集相關文獻，進行NPO性質、理念和客家文化內涵之探討，並採普查方式，對臺北縣推動客家文化之客家社會團體進行問卷調查及以SPSS進行資料描述性統計分析與討論，探討客家社會團體推動客家文化情形，與所面臨之困難問題及處理模式，建議有關單位規劃文化政策之參考。

The policies to protect disadvantage minorities and their cultures are usually established in most well developed countries. Taiwan Hakka people are always in a minor situation. Hakka Culture is facing a fading crisis caused by other main stream cultures’ influences and domination. In order to solve the crisis, it is necessary to establish a government office in charge of preserving Hakka culture and lasting vitality of the Hakka culture. Some insightful Hakkanese are expecting that the government office is established by congregating the outstanding Hakkanese and government strength. Hakka Affairs Division in Taipei county, a level 2 office under Cultural Affairs Bureau, was established in January 2005. A level 1 Hakka affair office is planned under many Hakka Non-profit organizations’ (NPO) impetus. Have NPOs done some performance impelling Hakka affairs and Hakka culture? The purpose of this study is: (1) to understand the structure, type, and duty of Hakka associations; (2) to understand the how Hakka associations impel Hakka culture; (3) to investigate the integration of Hakka cultural resources within social associations in Taipei county; (4) to investigate the problems that the Hakka associations are encountering; (5) to be a counseling reference for Hakka associations. This research collected related literature to carry on the discussions of the nature and the vision of the NPO and Hakka culture connotation. General survey was applied in this study. Base on the issue of impelling Hakka culture, Hakka associations were surveyed by the questionnaires. Then SPSS was adopted to process the descriptive statistical analysis. The situation, the problems and the patterns about impelling Hakka culture by Hakka associations were discussed. Some suggestions were made to related organization for planning their cultural policies.