國小學生生命態度、自我概念與幸福感之相關研究：中介效果分析

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國小學童的生命態度、自我概念與幸福感等三者的中介效果。依據文獻分析結果，提出自我概念為中介變項。為完成研究目的，採叢集抽樣，以班為單位，抽取臺灣中南部國小三至六年級學生1,088位，接受自編量表的調查。回收的資料，經描述性統計、積差相關與結構方程模式分析後發現：一、國小學童在整體生命態度、自我概念與幸福感都達中等以上程度，且偏正向；二、三者彼此之間也都有顯著的正相關；三、發現自我概念是生命態度與幸福感的中介變項。就此研究發現，建議國小學童可再增進生理自我的認同。另在研究上不可忽視自我概念對生命態度與幸福感關係的影響。

This study aims at examining the statuses, relationships and mediator among life attitude, self-concept and well-being of primary school pupils. This study based on literature analysis results and made hypothetical models which self-concept as mediate variable for life attitude and well-being. A survey designed by the authors was administered to 1088 third to sixth grade pupils form central and southern area of Taiwan by cluster sampling. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results indicate that pupils posit at the middle levels of life attitude, self-concept, well-being, and show a significant positive correlation among the three variables. Meanwhile, the effect of life attitude on well-being is mediated by self-concept. Basing on these findings, it is recommended that elementary school children should promote physical-self identity. And the affect of self-concept on the relationship between life attitude and well-being can not be ignored.