高中職生多元戒菸服務成效評估

Abstract

目的：青少年戒菸介入相關研究頗多，然而，至今尚未確認一套有效的青少年戒菸模式，故本研究發展多元戒菸服務，欲改善青少年吸菸現況，以及提昇其戒菸率。方法：本研究立意取樣，以新北市六所高中職學校為介入對象，將其隨機分派為實驗組或控制組，之後共招募143位學生。多元戒菸服務涵蓋個人、團體、學校環境等介入層次，提供多種青少年戒菸策略，包含戒菸班、主動式個人電話諮商、獎勵制度等。實驗組參與多元戒菸服務，為期3個月，並進行1個月後的追蹤，而控制組僅接受問卷施測。本研究運用Linear Mixed Model進行分析，戒菸者以COT尿液試劑呈陰性反應作為戒菸佐證。結果：參與多元戒菸服務後，實驗組之決策平衡、自我效能及改變階段與控制組較佳，且實驗組之吸菸情形及尼古丁依賴均有所改善。實驗組戒菸率在介入後及介入結束1個月後的追蹤均高於控制組戒菸率，達統計顯著差異。結論：多元戒菸服務確實有效提升青少年戒菸率，並改善青少年吸菸者之尼古丁依賴、吸菸頻率和吸菸量，具全面推廣之潛力。Objective: The ideal model for adolescent smoking cessation was not fully explored. The study developed a program with multiple services for adolescent smoking cessation (MSASC) and examined the effectiveness. Methods: Six schools in New Taipei city were randomly assigned to either an intervention about MSASC for three months (three schools, n=78) or usual control condition (three schools, n=65). The interventions included dimensions of personal, group and school. All the participants completed surveys at baseline, 3 months and 1 month follow-up after the end of intervention. The Linear Mixed Model was conducted to examine intervention effects. Results: The decision balance, self-efficacy and stage of change of participants in the intervention group were increased significantly compared to those in the control group. In addition, the MSASC participants decreased the smoking frequency and the dependence of nicotine. The rates of abstinence of the MSASC participants were also significantly increased via COT test compared to that of the control group after intervention and 1 month follow-up. Conclusion: The MSASC in high school students is not only effective in decreasing adolescent smoking frequency, but in increasing adolescent smoking cessation.