HBL女生甲組教練使用籃球團隊防守方式之探討-以93學年度為例
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2006
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本研究目的在探討：一、HBL女甲組使用團隊防守方式時間與比賽勝負是否相關。二、HBL女甲組決賽中，比賽時間與比分差距是否影響教練變換團隊防守方式之決策。研究一以描述統計方式，統計各種團隊防守方式使用時間，並以獨立樣本變異數分析，瞭解四隊團隊防守方式使用時間之差異及與比賽勝負是否有關。研究二以每兩分鐘為一觀察的時段，以描述統計方式，分析一節中各時段內變換防守之次數，並依複、決賽，統計四節變換防守之次數。在時間與比分差距影響變換防守方式決策的關係上，以決賽每一場比賽為單位，進行比賽同一時間單位下比分變化（比數的改變／時距）之分析，探討教練變換團隊防守方式前，比分差距改變率之變化。結果發現：一、在高中女生甲組的比賽，使用何種團隊防守方式與比賽勝負無關，而現今HBL女生甲組教練較常使用團隊盯人防守。二、在高中女甲組比賽中，一般而言，每節變換防守次數隨著比賽進行時間增加而增加，而各節中變換防守次數增加的比例，相對實力較差的隊伍會提早在第二節就增加變換防守次數，相對實力較好的隊伍由於實力相近，會在第四節才較常變換防守。而從比賽後之名次看來，變換防守次數多寡與比賽勝負沒有明顯關聯。除了比賽進行時間可能是影響教練考慮變換防守的因素外，比分差距的變化，亦可能是影響教練決定變換防守的因素，且影響教練變換防守之相對失分閾值，遠小於相對得分的閾值。
The current study was conducted to explore the following two issues: first, whether there is a relationship between the time spent on a defense mode and the final result, and second, in the finals of the HBL women’s division A games, whether the elapsed game time and the score difference would influence a coach’s decision on the defense strategy. The first issue was examined using the descriptive statistics and the 2-way ANOVA on the time spent on different defense modes to test the possible relation between the defense modes and game results, and the second issue, was analyzed with the descriptive statistics of the frequency of the mode–shift in defense within a two-minute observation interval in each period. In addition, the dynamics of the score difference was also observed to examine the possible influence on the coach’s decisions on the defense strategy. The results showed that in the division A of senior high school girl’s basketball games, the defense modes employed bear no relationship to the victory or defeat of the games, whereas coaches of the division A of senior high school girl’s basketball teams apply more frequently the man-to-man defense strategy. Furthermore, the frequency of the defense-shift generally increased as the game time elapsed. Generally speaking, teams equipped with relatively inferior combat strength will apply more frequently such a defense-shift strategy as early as in the second period, while relatively superior teams, having well-matched power with competing teams, won’t apply such a strategy until the fourth period. Toward the end of the games, the teams used the defense-shift tactics more frequently. From the results of the games, we also found that the frequency of defense-shift bears little relationship to the victory or defeat of the competition. The elapsed game time might be a factor that influence a coach’s decision, but the dynamics of scoring differences also plays an important role in persuading a coach to decide on the application of the defense-shift strategy, with the threshold of increasing the lead or closing the trail being larger than increasing the trail or closing the lead.
The current study was conducted to explore the following two issues: first, whether there is a relationship between the time spent on a defense mode and the final result, and second, in the finals of the HBL women’s division A games, whether the elapsed game time and the score difference would influence a coach’s decision on the defense strategy. The first issue was examined using the descriptive statistics and the 2-way ANOVA on the time spent on different defense modes to test the possible relation between the defense modes and game results, and the second issue, was analyzed with the descriptive statistics of the frequency of the mode–shift in defense within a two-minute observation interval in each period. In addition, the dynamics of the score difference was also observed to examine the possible influence on the coach’s decisions on the defense strategy. The results showed that in the division A of senior high school girl’s basketball games, the defense modes employed bear no relationship to the victory or defeat of the games, whereas coaches of the division A of senior high school girl’s basketball teams apply more frequently the man-to-man defense strategy. Furthermore, the frequency of the defense-shift generally increased as the game time elapsed. Generally speaking, teams equipped with relatively inferior combat strength will apply more frequently such a defense-shift strategy as early as in the second period, while relatively superior teams, having well-matched power with competing teams, won’t apply such a strategy until the fourth period. Toward the end of the games, the teams used the defense-shift tactics more frequently. From the results of the games, we also found that the frequency of defense-shift bears little relationship to the victory or defeat of the competition. The elapsed game time might be a factor that influence a coach’s decision, but the dynamics of scoring differences also plays an important role in persuading a coach to decide on the application of the defense-shift strategy, with the threshold of increasing the lead or closing the trail being larger than increasing the trail or closing the lead.
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籃球團隊防守方式, 高中女子籃球聯賽, 比分差距變化, Basketball defense mode, HBL women’s games, dynamics of scoring difference