國中生父母教養態度、友誼品質與幸福感之研究

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2010

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本研究旨在探討不同背景變項之國中生在所知覺之父母教養態度、友誼品質與幸福感之間的差異與關係,研究過程採用分層隨機抽樣方法,以調查研究法進行問卷資料收集,共抽取臺北市9所公立國中(含完全中學國中部)國七、國八、國九男女學生,有效樣本共760人(男生共403人,女生共357人)。研究工具包括「學生個人資料表」、「父母教養態度量表」、「友誼品質問卷」及「國中生幸福感量表」。所得資料以描述統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子多變項變異數分析與多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行處理,研究結果如下: 一、國中生所知覺之父母教養態度以「父親-要求」為最佳,「父親-反應」為最差。國中生所知覺之友誼品質以「娛樂」最佳,「親密交換」最差。國中生所知覺之幸福感趨向正向態度。 二、國中生所知覺的父母教養態度,因性別、年級和家庭結構等背景變項不同而有顯著差異存在。 三、國中生所知覺的友誼品質,因性別、家庭結構等背景變項不同而有顯著差異存在,但不因年級變項不同而有顯著差異存在。 四、國中生的友誼品質與幸福感在不同父母教養態度類型上均有顯著差異存在,其中以「父母皆是開明權威」類型的國中生,友誼品質和幸福感最高。 五、國中生的背景變項、所知覺之父母教養態度與友誼品質對幸福感有顯著預測力,其中以父母教養態度量表中的「母親-要求」變項對幸福感的預測力為最高,其次則為「父親-反應」變項,再其次為友誼品質量表中的「娛樂」變項。 最後,研究者依據本研究結果加以討論,並提出具體建議以做為國中生實務輔導工作及未來研究之參考。
The purpose of the study was to investigate the differences and relationships among parents’ rearing attitudes, friendship quality and well-being of junior-high school students in terms of their different backgrounds. In addition, we examined the predictability of different backgrounds, parents’ rearing attitudes and friendship quality to well-being for junior high school students. The sample consisted of 760 7th to 9th grade students(403 males and 357 females) from 9 junior high schools in Taipei, Taiwan. The instruments used in this study included Parents’ Rearing Attitudes Scale, Friendship Quality Questionnaire, and Junior-high-school Student Happiness Inventory. The data obtained were analyzed by t-test, one-way MANOVA and canonical correlation analysis. The main findings were as follows: 1. The overall and individual levels from Parents’ Rearing Attitudes Scale and Friendship Quality Questionnaire for sampling students were rated as average or better. The well-being of sampling students trends positive. 2. The parents’ rearing attitudes of junior-high-school students varied significantly in terms of gender, grades and family structures. 3. The friendship quality of junior-high-school students varied significantly in terms of gender and family structures, but not the grades. 4. The friendship quality and happiness of junior-high-school students varied significantly in terms of different parents’ rearing attitudes. The friendship quality and happiness of junior-high-school students score highest on “Parents both Enlightened Authority” types. 5. The predictabilities of parents’ rearing attitudes and friendship quality on happiness of junior-high-school students were significant. Among which the “Mother's Demand” , “Father's Response” and ”recreation” are the most predictable. According to the findings above, this study provides some suggestions to parents, junior-high school teachers, counselors and further researches.

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父母教養態度, 友誼品質, 幸福感, parents’ rearing attitudes, friendship quality, well-being

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