臺北市西門市場歷史之研究

Abstract

摘要

時代變遷，政權轉移，由一個市場的設置，藉由追溯歷史的足跡，觀察是否會因此關係到執政者的統治規劃與政策執行。是否因為民族性的不同，所做的行政措施亦不同。 「民以食為天」，市場是一般人生活消費的地方。在清代是以「市集」方式呈現，人們在固定的某地，定時(每逢初一、十五)或在廟會時，大家一起來趕集。以物易物或是有以貨幣交易。以擺攤的方式，做買賣。因為沒有經過規劃，而顯得雜亂。 日本人設立公設市場是一種生活方式的創新，這是否因為他們經明治維新，思想一心向西方學習之故。事先設計、建構賣場，形式不同於以往的「中國式」建築，有八卦形、有十字形，販賣的店鋪和攤位都經過規劃妥當。 本研究的目的在探討日本人統治臺灣，進入了臺北城，其改變了臺灣人傳統的生活和消費方式。並且在荒塚上，設立了第一座公有市場－－西門市場。它帶動了西門町的商業行為，締造歷史新的一頁。對於市場相關聯的政策與制度 以及當時的公共設施等，牽動本地區的商業活動，這些都是研究的目標。戰後，國民政府接收後，其政策與制度是否「蕭規曹隨」。當時本區有那些增添的設施，帶動商圈的活動，也是研究的重心。時至今日，這西門市場的現況，其發展與定位也是研究探討的事項。

Research of the Taipei Ximen Market History

Abstract Time is changed and the political power is shifted. From the establishment of a market and through tracing back the history to observe if a regime’s plans and its implementation were affected, and if the administrative implementation would be different because of a people’s nature. As Chinese proverb said that food is the biggest issue to the civilian Civilians care, the market is where people spent money for living. In the Ching Dynasty, the market was appeared in the form of fair on the beginning and mid dates of a month in the lunar calendar and people may exchange items or buy things with money. The fair was kind of disordered for it was not well planed in advanced. The public market establish by Japanese was a creative life style. It was not clear if Japanese did it to learn from the West through Meiji Restoration. The market place was constructed according to the blue print designed in advanced. It was quite different from Chinese style that might be in the form of Eight Diagrams or Cross. The purpose of this study was to explore the changes of the Taiwanese’s life style and their way of consumption when the Japanese governed Taiwan and constructed the first public market, knows as Ximen Market, on a wild tomb after entered the Taipei City. The new style of market place changed the business behavior and created a new era for the so-called Ximending. The policies and systems relating to the new form of market place and the public facilities at that time that changed the commercial activities were also studied in this research. Whether the policies and systems were inhered from the Japanese government after the Chinese government took over Taiwan after the World War II and those facilities added to stimulate the commercial activities in the area at that time were also focuses in this study. The current status, development, and positioning of the Ximending were also issues studied in this research.