台北縣某國中學生體重控制行為意圖研究—計劃行為理論之應用

Abstract

本研究主要運用Ajzen計劃行為理論(Theory of Planned Behavior)來探討台北縣某國中學生體重控制行為意圖。以台北縣某國中九十四學年度第二學期七至九年級學生為母群體，採分層集束抽樣法抽出調查樣本，有效問卷共450份。研究工具採結構式問卷，先依開放式問卷篩選出顯著信念，再編製成正式問卷，所得資料經分析後，主要研究結果如下： 1.研究對象在未來兩個月內進行體重控制之意圖，以有意圖者占大多數 (52.1%)。 2.研究對象對從事體重控制的態度、主觀規範可以有效地解釋行為意圖 19.2%，加上知覺行為控制後，此三變項的總變異量達24.3%，其中態度對 體重控制意圖的影響性最大。 3.研究對象對從事體重控制的態度與行為信念、結果評價的交乘積和呈正相 關；主觀規範與規範信念、依從動機的交乘積和呈正相關；知覺行為控制與 控制信念呈負相關。

整體而言，本研究結果支持計劃行為理論的假設，並發現計劃行為理論應用在體重控制意圖上，優於理性行動論。

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the junior school students’ beliefs and related factors regarding intention of weight control by using the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB). By using stratified cluster sampling method, the respondents were selected from 7-9 grade students of a junior high school in Taipei County in school year of 2006. The structured questionnaire was used to collect the data for the study. Totally, 450 effective questionnaires were analyzed. The main findings of the study were as follows: 1.Around half of the respondents showed the positive behavioral intention for weight control in the next two months. 2.The attitude and subjective norm explained 19.2% of variance of the intention of weight control; the perceived behavior control added 5.1% explanation power. Thus, the explanation power of these three variables accounted for 24.3%. Among them, attitudes affect the weight control intention most. 3.The attitudes of respondents towards weight control were significant positively related to the product of behavioral beliefs multiplied by evaluations of outcomes (ΣBi＊Ei). Also, the subjective norm of respondents’ weight control were significant positively related to the product of normative beliefs multiplied by motivations to comply (ΣNBj＊MCj). The perceived behavior control of respondents’ weight control was negative related to the control beliefs. Generally, the results of this study supported the hypothesis of TPB and revealed that TPB was a little better than the Theory of Reasoned Action on predicting the behavioral intention of weight control.