國小高年級學童休閒活動類型、同儕人際關係與幸福感之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國小高年級學童休閒活動類型、同儕人際關係與幸福感之間的關係，以一百零四學年度就讀新北市國小的五、六年級普通班與特殊才能班學童為研究對象，採問卷調查法，有效樣本數為1026人。以「休閒活動類型問卷」、「同儕人際關係量表」以及「國小學童幸福感量表」等研究工具獲取所需資料後，再以描述統計、獨立樣本t檢定、變異數分析、Pearson積差相關以及迴歸分析等統計方法驗證假設。茲將研究結果發現羅列如下： 一、不同性別在休閒活動類型「藝文型」以及「互動型」的偏好程度、整體同儕人際關係、整體幸福感上有差異。 二、不同年級在休閒活動類型「互動型」的偏好程度上有差異，但在整體同儕人際關係與整體幸福感上並無差異。 三、就讀特殊才能班的學童在三類休閒活動的偏好程度、整體同儕人際關係以及整體幸福感上有差異。 四、每週進行娛樂型休閒活動時數不同的國小高年級學童在休閒活動類型「藝文型」以及「知性型」的偏好程度有差異，但在整體同儕人際關係與整體幸福感上並無差異。 五、每週進行體能型休閒活動時數不同的國小高年級學童在三種休閒活動類型的喜好程度、整體同儕人際關係以及整體幸福感均有差異。 六、休閒活動類型的偏好程度與整體同儕人際關係、整體幸福感有相關；整體同儕人際關係與整體幸福感有相關。 七、三種休閒活動類型的偏好程度與四個同儕人際關係的向度可解釋幸福感五個向度，其解釋變異量介於24.9%~45.0%。 最後根據上述研究結果進行討論，形成結論並提出建議，供第一線教育者、家長以及未來研究者參考。

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among leisure activities, peer relationships, and well-being of high-grade elementary schoolchildren. The subjects were the regular-class and special talents-class students from the fifth to the sixth grade in New Taipei City during 104 academic years. Questionnaires were administered. The study population consisted of a purposive sample, and the valid samples were 1026 in total. Instruments used in this study include “Leisure Activity Questionnaire,” “Peer Relationships Scale” and “Well-Being Scale.” Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The principal findings are concluded as below: 1.There are significant differences in genders among high-grade elementary schoolchildren’s preference of art and interpersonal type of leisure activities, overall peer relationships and overall well-being. 2.There are significant differences in genders among high-grade elementary schoolchildren’s preference of interpersonal type of leisure activities. 3.There are significant differences between the regular-class and special talents-class students among high-grade elementary schoolchildren’s preference of art, intellectual and interpersonal type of leisure activities, overall peer relationships and overall well-being. 4.There are significant differences in the hours of engaging in entertaining leisure activities per week among high-grade elementary schoolchildren’ the preference of art, intellectual and interpersonal type of leisure activities, overall peer relationships and overall well-being. 5.There are significant differences in the hours of engaging in physical training leisure activities per week among high-grade elementary schoolchildren’ the preference of art and intellectual type of leisure activities. 6.There are significant correlations among high-grade elementary schoolchildren’s preference of three types of leisure activities, overall peer relationships and overall well-being. There are significant correlations between high-grade elementary schoolchildren’ overall peer relationships and overall well-being. 7.High-grade elementary schoolchildren’s preference of three types of leisure activities and the four dimensions of peer relationships can significantly and positively predict the five dimensions of well-being and account for 24.9%~45.0% variances. Finally, based on the research findings, suggestions were made for practitioners, parents and future research as their references and applications.