元極舞運動對老年人下肢肌力及平衡能力之影響

Abstract

中文摘要

老年人跌倒對身體功能多有明顯的損傷，嚴重影響生活品質。缺乏肌力與失去平衡是老年人發生跌倒的主要原因，適當的運動可以有效的幫助老年人減緩肌力流失和改善平衡能力，進而降低發生跌倒的風險。在台灣地區，從事元極舞運動的老年人口眾多。本研究除了分析元極舞動作內容，主要目的在於進一步探討1.元極舞運動對老年人下肢肌力及平衡能力之影響；2.不同元極舞舞齡在平衡能力及下肢肌力之差異。 本研究以台灣宜蘭地區65-74歲從事元極舞運動(n=25；平均年齡68.5+2.8歲)，無規律運動習慣(n=18；平均年齡69.7+3.7歲)的老年人為實驗參與者。元極舞運動者均學會元極舞共10集動作，包括6位舞齡3-5年、9位舞齡5-8年以及10位舞齡8年以上的老年女性。主要測驗項目包括：下肢肌力(30秒坐站)、靜態平衡(Catsys2000測力板開眼單足站立)及動態平衡(Catsys2000測力板+Reebok動態訓練板雙足站立)。將測驗所得資料以獨立樣本t考驗及單因子變異數分析進行統計分析處理。 研究結果顯示，元極舞運動組在下肢肌力及平衡能力皆顯著優於無規律運動組。非慣用腳單足站立的各項平衡擺動參數皆達顯差異(p<.05)，這與元極舞下肢動作時間的特性有關。兩組動態、靜態平衡能力的差異在平衡擺動面積皆達顯差異(p<.05)，這與元極舞下肢動作空間的特性有關。在不同元極舞舞齡方面，除了下肢肌力項目8年以上組明顯優於3-5年組及5-8年組，其他項目則無顯著差異。三組不同舞齡的實驗參與者都是長期並且規律地參與運動。因此研究推論，長期從事元極舞運動有助於老年人平衡能力與下肢肌力的維持。

關鍵詞：元極舞、平衡能力、下肢肌力

英文摘要

This study, with a qualitative component analysis of the movements of Yuan-Ji Dance, aims to investigate the effect of Yuan-Ji Dance, along with the span of participation, on balance and lower-extremity strength in the old people. The subjects of this study include 25 old Yuan-Ji Dance participants, with an average age of 68.5+2.8, and 18 sedentary controls, aged 69.7+3.7 years. All the Yuan-Ji participants have learned the ten sets of Yuan-Ji acts and are divided into three span groups: 3-5 years (n=6), 5-8 years (n=9) and over 8 years (n=10). Physical performance is assessed using (1) static balance: one-leg stance with eye open for 30 seconds on Catsys 2000 force platform on flat ground, (2) dynamic balance: both-feet stance with eye open for 30 seconds on Catsys 2000 force platform placed on Reebok Dynamic platform and (3) lower-extremity strength: 30-second chair stand test. The data for comparison between the Yuan-Ji group and the sedentary controls are analyzed with t-test, with a=.05, while the data for comparison among three Yuan-Ji dance spans are analyzed with one-way ANOVA, with p<.05. The results of this study show that the Yuan-Ji group performs significantly better than the sedentary group both in balance control ability and in lower-extremity strength. Specifically, in the non-dominant-leg stance test, the Yuan-Ji group has all the balance functions significantly better than the sedentary group, which is proposed to have a close connection with the time frame of lower-limb movements in Yuan-Ji Dance. Besides, in static as well as dynamic balance, the significance ismainly found in the function of sway area, which is suggested to be in connection with the spatial features of the Yuan-Ji movements. Among the three Yuan-Ji dance span groups, the group of the longest span has lower-extremity strength significantly better than the other two groups, but in balance control ability, the three groups show no significant difference. It is concluded that participating in Yuan-Ji Dance regularly and continuously (over 3 years) helps the old people to maintain their performance of balance and lower-extremity strength. Key words: Yuan-Ji Dance, balance, lower-extremity strength