家長健康素養對學童健康素養及健康行為之影響
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2014
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本研究旨在探討臺北市國小六年級學童及其家長健康素養之現況，並分析家長健康素養對學童健康素養及健康行為之影響。研究對象以隨機抽樣抽取臺北市五所國民小學六年級學童及其家長，研究工具採用國家衛生研究院蔡慈儀等（2010）所發展之「中文健康識能評估量表」及劉潔心等（2012）所發展之「學童健康素養情境模擬式線上測驗」進行資料收集，共獲得有效親子成對樣本314對。所收集之資料，以SPSS 22.0統計套裝軟體分別進行各項統計分析。
本研究結果如下：
一、 學童整體健康素養表現優良，而學童在「性教育與心理健康」、「成癮物質防制」兩議題之答題表現較佳，但在「健康環境」及「健康促進與疾病預防」，兩議題之答題表現較差，顯示學童在此兩項議題則有待加強。
二、 家長整體健康素養表現優良，整體及各面向答對率皆達八成以上。
三、 學童健康素養會因「家長性別」及「家庭社經地位」的不同而有顯著的不同。
四、 家長健康素養與學童健康素養達顯著正相關。
五、 家長健康素養與學童健康行為達顯著正相關。
六、 家長背景變項能有效預測學童健康素養，其中以家長性別、家庭社經地位能顯著預測學童健康素養。
七、 家長健康素養能有效預測學童健康素養及健康行為。
依據研究結果，建議未來實務工作者推動學童健康素養重點為：以學童需求為主規劃健康教育課程、針對學童及其家長推展親職健康教育介入計畫、以及強化對弱勢家庭在健康生活上的關注，以作為教育與衛生主管機關在健康教育相關策略之參考。
The objective of the study was to explore elementary school 6th graders and their parents’ health literacy, as well as the effect of parent’s health literacy on their children’s health literacy and health behaviors. By random sampling method, the parents and students were chosen from the 6th graders in 5 elementary schools in Taipei City. The instruments applied for data collection were “Mandarin Health Literacy Scale” which developed by National Health Research Institutes (NHRI) and “Situational Online Test for Schoolchildren’s Health Literacy”. There were 314 pairs of valid parent-child samples collected at schools and homes, and SPSS 22.0 software was applied for statistical analysis. The main results of this study were as follows: 1. The overall children’s health literacy performance was generally good, in the “sex education and mental health” and “addictive substance prevention” question sets, the overall correction percentage were higher; on the contrary, the “environmental health” and “health promotion and disease prevention” question sets were relatively lower. This suggested that there was still much room for reinforcement. 2. The overall parent’s health literacy was generally good, the correction percentage in overall and 4 dimensions scales were all reached above 80%. 3. The children’s health literacy was significantly different among their “parent’s gender” and” family’s socioeconomic status”. 4. The parent’s health literacy was positively related to the children’s health literacy. 5. The parent’s health literacy was positively related to the children’s health behavior. 6. Parent’s background variables could predict the children’s health literacy, and “parent’s gender” and “family’s socioeconomic status” were important predictor variables among them. 7. The parent’s health literacy could predict the children’s health literacy and health behavior. In conclusion, according to the results, it is suggested that the promotion of children’s health literacy should emphasize on planning health education from children’s needs, launching parental health education intervention programs for children and their parents, and strengthen the concern of the disadvantaged families in their daily lives about health. The suggestions above could be considered as the references for the health educators and policy makers in planning health related intervention strategies and policies.
The objective of the study was to explore elementary school 6th graders and their parents’ health literacy, as well as the effect of parent’s health literacy on their children’s health literacy and health behaviors. By random sampling method, the parents and students were chosen from the 6th graders in 5 elementary schools in Taipei City. The instruments applied for data collection were “Mandarin Health Literacy Scale” which developed by National Health Research Institutes (NHRI) and “Situational Online Test for Schoolchildren’s Health Literacy”. There were 314 pairs of valid parent-child samples collected at schools and homes, and SPSS 22.0 software was applied for statistical analysis. The main results of this study were as follows: 1. The overall children’s health literacy performance was generally good, in the “sex education and mental health” and “addictive substance prevention” question sets, the overall correction percentage were higher; on the contrary, the “environmental health” and “health promotion and disease prevention” question sets were relatively lower. This suggested that there was still much room for reinforcement. 2. The overall parent’s health literacy was generally good, the correction percentage in overall and 4 dimensions scales were all reached above 80%. 3. The children’s health literacy was significantly different among their “parent’s gender” and” family’s socioeconomic status”. 4. The parent’s health literacy was positively related to the children’s health literacy. 5. The parent’s health literacy was positively related to the children’s health behavior. 6. Parent’s background variables could predict the children’s health literacy, and “parent’s gender” and “family’s socioeconomic status” were important predictor variables among them. 7. The parent’s health literacy could predict the children’s health literacy and health behavior. In conclusion, according to the results, it is suggested that the promotion of children’s health literacy should emphasize on planning health education from children’s needs, launching parental health education intervention programs for children and their parents, and strengthen the concern of the disadvantaged families in their daily lives about health. The suggestions above could be considered as the references for the health educators and policy makers in planning health related intervention strategies and policies.
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健康素養, 健康行為, 學童, 家長, health literacy, health behavior, children, parent