健身運動意象對自我決定動機的預測-以心理需求為中介變項

Abstract

本研究目的有二: (一) 探討健身運動意象、基本心理需求與運動動機之相關情形； (二) 探討心理需求在健身運動意象使用與自我決定動機之間的中介效果。本研究以360名大學生為研究對象，研究參與者填寫健身運動意象量表、健身運動心理需求滿足量表、健身運動行為調節問卷。所得資料以皮爾遜基差相關、路徑分析等統計分析方法進行資料分析。研究結果顯示: (一) 技巧意象、活力意象、樂趣意象與自主性、關係感、勝任感成正相關； (二) 技巧意象、活力意象、樂趣意象與內在動機、認同調節成正相關； 健身運動意象與無動機成負相關；(三) 自主性在技巧意象與自我決定動機之間有部分中介效果； (四) 自主性在樂趣意象與自我決定動機之間有部分中介效果。本研究針對結果提出討論，亦對於實際運用與未來進一步研究提出建議。

The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to examine the relationship among exercise imagery, basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation (2) to examine the mediating effect of basic psychological needs between exercise imagery and self-determined motivation. Participants were 360 college students ,participants were asked to complete exercise image questionnaire, psychological need satisfaction in exercise scale, and behavioural regulation in exercise questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using Pearson product moment correlation, path analysis. The results showed that: (1) there were positive correlation among technique imagery, energy imagery, enjoyment imagery and basic psychological needs. (2) there were positive correlation among technique imagery, energy imagery, enjoyment imagery and intrinsic motivation, and identified regulation. In contrast, there were negative correlation among exercise imagery and amotivation. (3) Technique imagery and enjoyment imagery could directly predict self-determined motivation and also could indirectly predict motivation through autonomy. Based on the results, the implications and applications of this study were discussed.