高中女生對含糖飲料飲用行為及其相關影響因素之研究~以台北市某女子高中為例

Abstract

本研究目的在探討高中女生對含糖飲料行為及其相關影響因素。探討基本變項、含糖飲料飲用知識、態度、自我效能、社會支持與含糖飲料飲用行為間的關係，母群體以108學年度上學期就讀臺北市某女子高中全體在學學生為主為研究對象，採分層集束隨機抽樣，以班級為抽樣單位，共抽出高中女學生450人，利用自填式問卷施測，共發放450份問卷，回收有效問卷共403份(有效回收率89.56％)，分析問卷結果之重要發現如下: 一、研究對象生家庭以高、中社經地位者較多佔六成五，在含糖飲料便利性方面，距離住家走路5分鐘可達販賣飲料商店之人數佔八成八，以居住家裡為主佔八成七、在獲取含糖飲料的生活環境屬於「便利的」佔八成九為多、睡眠品質自覺還不錯佔四成三為多。 二、研究對象每週含糖飲料飲用量平均值達1,488c.c.，校外購買首選飲品為茶飲料，次之為含糖乳製品及乳酸飲料。 三、「含糖飲料飲用態度」與「含糖飲料飲用行為」正相關，表示研究對象的含糖飲料態度愈正向，含糖飲料飲用行為次數愈少。「拒絕含糖飲料飲用自我效能」與「含糖飲料飲用行為」正相關。表示拒絕飲用含糖飲料自我效能愈強，飲用含糖飲料消費行為次數愈少。 四、在研究得知所有的變數可有效預測其含糖飲料飲用行為之總變異量的四成九，以「拒絕含糖飲料飲用自我效能」對高中女學生飲用含糖飲料飲用行為的影響能力最高。 五、建議學校階段性減少供應販售含糖飲料的環境；教育方面勿以贈送含糖飲料來獎勵學生，以導正含糖飲料飲用態度，以營造無含糖飲料的健康環境。未來的研究可針對整學年追蹤進行深入探討。The purpose of this research was to investigate the causative factors in high school female students' behavior toward drinking sugar-sweetened beverages by viewing the relationships between the students' background, health related knowledge, attitude on sugary beverages, self-efficacy, social support, with behavior toward drinking sugar-sweetened beverages. The mother group is the students of the autumn semester in year 2020 of a girls high school in Taipei. By using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 450 students out of the mother group were selected to participate in this research. A total of 450 self-developed questionnaires were sent out and 403 valid questionnaires were reclaimed with 89.56％ response rate. The following conclusions were derived from the questionnaire: 1. 65％ of the subjects were from families with middle to upper social economic status. 88％ had access to sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs) within five-minute walk from home. 87％ based on residence. 89％ agree that it is “convenient” to get SSBs from their surroundings. Good sleeping quality accounts for 43%. 2. The main category of the subjects' sugary beverages consumption after school is tea, followed by sugary dairy, including lactic acid drinks, and sports drinks. On average, the subjects' intake of SSBs as a whole reached 1,488 milliliter per week. 3. The subjects' attitude toward drinking sweetened beverages was positively correlated to their consumption of sweetened beverages. The more positive attitudes the subjects have, the fewer chances there are for them to drink sugar-sweetened beverages. There was a modest positive correlation between subjects' self-efficacy toward drinking sweetened beverages and their behavior toward drinking sugar-sweetened beverages, which suggests that the stronger the self-efficacy toward drinking sweetened beverages the subjects have, the more rarely drinking sugar-sweetened beverage behavior occurs. 4. In this study, the variances of SSBs intake, which could be explained by all research variances, were up to 48.1％. Among them, self-efficacy toward drinking sweetened beverages was the most powerful predictor for subjects’ behavior toward drinking sugar-sweetened beverages. 5. Based on the findings, this study suggests that schools set stage goals to progressively encourage students to take less sugar beverages. Furthermore, rewarding students with sugary beverages is highly prohibited so as to correct students' attitude toward sugary beverages and thus create a campus with sugar-free beverages. Future study can further focus on the same issue but investigating students’ sugary beverage consumption behavior in the entire academic year.