由球學聯盟反思臺灣高中籃球發展之研究

Abstract

「球學」秉持著「運動是教育的骨幹」精神，於 2018 年成立第一屆的球學聯盟(Choxue League，簡稱CXL)，時至今日來到第五屆。聯盟企圖打造一個打破傳統認知的校園籃球聯賽，效仿美國NCAA賽事制度，提倡區域化聯盟、學業成績標準、主客場賽制。研究目的：一、瞭解臺灣高中籃球發展現況的困境。二、瞭解球學聯盟發展現況。三、瞭解球學聯盟賽事制度的特色對臺灣高中籃球發展的影響。本研究採質性研究，透過文件分析與訪談法，訪談實際參與球學聯盟之高中教練、校隊球員與運動媒體人。研究結果發現：一、學生因訓練時數過長，而導致學業成績不佳，因教育與升學制度不鼓勵學業與球技兼顧，而導致學生運動員過早專項化，衍伸出專任運動教練，背負巨大的競賽成績壓力。二、地區性聯盟的規劃，有助於球隊與鄰近學校提高互動頻率，減少交通時間與金錢成本，但因為近幾屆隊伍數的萎縮，有時會產生實力不平衡的問題。三、學業成績標準的訂定，能增加學生重視學業成績的動機，鼓勵學生學習時間管理，養成對自己負責的態度，但成績認定的方式是否有調整的空間，才能達到實質上的公平。四、主客場賽制的安排，能促進校園師生共同參與，獲得主場氣勢與客場干擾的運動經驗，讓運動價值回歸校園，若想解決學校場館軟硬體設備與腹地大小等問題，短期的解決方案，可以利用社區資源如運動中心等方式來加以解決。Choxue League (CXL) was founded in 2018 with the philosophy, “sports are the backbone of education.” This year, CXL has marked its fifth anniversary. It attempts to build a new form of high school basketball league and to emulate the NCAA game system from the United States, promoting regional leagues, setting clearer academic eligibility criteria for student players and a better home-and-away-system. Research objectives are: (1) To understand current challenges of High School Basketball League (HBL). (2) To recognize the ongoing development of CXL. (3) To perceive how CXL game system will influence the development of HBL. This qualitative research is conducted through literature reviews and analysis. Interviewees included high school basketball coaches, players of the League, and senior sports media professionals. The findings indicated: (1) Due to long-hour practice, players failed to have good academic performances. Since the educational system does not support them to do well both academically and professionally, they need to shorten their studying time and make up their mind to work as professional players earlier than their peers, resulting in the appearance of full-time sports coaches for schools. Meanwhile, coaches also shoulder huge responsibilities for competition performances. (2) Thanks to careful planning, players are allowed to foster a closer bond with neighboring schools, to shorten commute time, and to reduce financial costs. Nevertheless, the shrinking numbers of teams over these few years have led to varying performance levels among teams in competitions. (3) Clear academic eligibility criteria from schools enable student players to be more focused academically, have a better understanding of time management, and foster self-responsibility. Yet, how the criteria should be set for achieving equity is still waiting for further discussions. (4) Structured home-and-away system helps both teachers and students be more engaged in sports events, players gain more experiences in both situations as well. When the host entities face challenges of venue’s equipment or scales, the short-term solution could be holding games in local sports center.