大學生健康體位素養量表之測試與相關因素之探討

Abstract

中文摘要 大學生涯是影響體重的關鍵時期，現今大學生健康體位素養不高，健康狀況堪憂。本研究針對大學生進行健康體位素養量表測試，以瞭解大學生目前健康體位素養的現況，分析大學生個人背景變項及健康體位相關變項與健康體位素養之關係，期以提升大學生健康體位素養。以臺灣地區北部及南部10所大專院校，共662位大學生進行問卷調查，進行描述性統計與驗證性因素分析測試模式。 結果顯示，大學生雖然健康體位佔多數，但多數學生對自己身材體型不滿意並嘗試控制自己的體重。大學生在健康體位的閱讀知識、判斷力及辨識力等素養方面，整體答對率分別為63.4%、70.4%及82.1%，但在健康體位生活型態部分，大學生睡眠每週少於四天及運動每週少於三天普遍不足，蔬果及白開水的攝取量都偏低(每週少於三天)。此外，大學生在不同「性別」、「年齡」、「體位狀況」、「每個月生活費」與健康體位素養之得分呈現顯著差異。透過驗證性因素分析，本研究之大學生健康體位生活型態模式的整體適配度指標數值達標準，且內在品質之收斂数度與區別效度亦大致符合。 根據結果，建議大學端可提供學生早睡寢室環境、健康飲食及足量白開水攝取及運動等app或E-health等電子應用程式，以提升大學生的健康體位素養，本量表亦可供日後相關教育研究使用。Abstract College career is a critical period that affects weight. Today's college students have low health and body literacy, and their health status is worrying. This study conducted a health weight literacy scale test for college students to understand the current status of college students' health weight literacy, and analyzed the relationship between college students' personal background variables and healthy weight related variables and healthy weight literacy, in order to improve college students' healthy weight literacy. A total of 662 college students from 10 colleges and universities in northern and southern Taiwan were surveyed. Pattern testing was performed using descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that although the majority of college students were healthy, most students were dissatisfied with their body shape and tried to control their weight. In terms of reading knowledge, judgment and discernment of healthy body weight, the overall correct answer rates of college students were 63.4%, 70.4% and 82.1% respectively, but in the part of healthy body weight lifestyle, college students sleep less than four days a week and exercise Less than three days a week is generally insufficient, and the intake of vegetables, fruits and boiled water is low (less than three days a week). In addition, the scores of college students in different"gender", "age", " weight status", "monthly living expenses" and healthy weight literacy showed significant differences. Through confirmatory factor analysis, the overall fitness index value of the healthy weight lifestyle model of college students in this study is up to the standard, and the convergence degree and discriminant validity of intrinsic quality are also roughly in line. According to the results, it is suggested that universities can provide electronic applications such as early bedtime dorm environment, healthy diet, adequate boiled water intake and exercise, etc. or E-health to improve the health status literacy of college students, and this scale can also be used for relevant educational research in the future.