舒曼《克萊斯勒魂》樂曲分析與詮釋

Abstract

羅伯特・舒曼 (Robert Schumann, 1810-1856) 一生嘗試創作各種音樂形式，包含鋼琴特性作品 (Character piece)、器樂曲與藝術歌曲等。其中鋼琴為舒曼最擅長的創作形式。文學與音樂的結合是舒曼音樂風格的一大特色，從尚保羅的《年少氣盛》到霍夫曼的文學作品《克萊斯勒言集》和《雄貓穆爾的生活觀》，使舒曼對刻畫虛擬人物著迷，從中得到啟發，以「克萊斯勒」為靈感創作這部作品。舒曼在《新音樂雜誌》中，兩位主要虛擬人物：「佛羅倫斯坦」、「歐塞比斯」。兩人擁有截然不同的性格，都是舒曼的化身。「佛羅倫斯坦」熱情外向，「歐塞比斯」內斂自省，他們「二元」對比的性格，在這部作品中完整體現。《克萊斯勒魂》創作於1838年，由八首特性作品組成套曲，是舒曼的大型鋼琴作品之一。筆者藉探討這部作品，分析與歸納舒曼的創作手法，並提出演奏詮釋的建議。

Robert Schumann (1810-1856) was a composer who explored the creation of various musical forms throughout his life, including character pieces for piano, instrumental works, and art songs. Among these, the piano was the medium in which Schumann most excelled.In addition, the combination of literature and music is a major feature of Schumann’ s compositional style. From Jean Paul’s Flegeljahre to the literary works of E.T.A. Hoffmann, such as Kreisleriana and Lebens-Ansichten des Katers Murr, Schumann became fascinated with depicting fictional characters. Drawing inspiration from these sources, he created this work with “Kreisler” as its muse.Schumann’s two primary fictional characters that are largely known in his magazine Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, Florestan and Eusebius. Both have completely contrasted personalities, one being enthusiastic and extroverted, while the other is introverted and introspective. These figures, both are the perfect embodiment of Schumann. The dual contrasting personalities are fully reflected in Kreisleriana.Being composed in 1838, Kreisleriana is a suite containing eight fantasies, and it is considered as one of Schumann’s large-scale works. The thesis will analyze Schumann’s creative techniques, and present personal opinions based on performance interpretations.