以後人類觀點推測台灣民俗文物發展可能之創作研究

Abstract

自2020年以來，新冠疫情和國際緊張局勢改變了人們的生活，科技發展被視為解決社會問題的良方，引發了對「科技烏托邦」的憧憬。然而，科技進步與文明演變也加深了人類發展與民俗文化之間的隔閡。本研究專注於民俗文化，基於後人類主義立場探索其與科技發展的未來可能性，旨在探討後人類主義的概念與特徵，並了解民俗文物如何通過儀式行為形成情感連結，從後人類主義視角對民俗文物進行創作與重塑。分析後人類藝術創作後，本研究發現「乾淨」與「整齊」是常見設計意象，可用「科技信任度」與「社會自由度」為兩軸進行分析，作品在十字軸中的位置代表創作者對未來發展的預測觀點。訪談分析顯示，儀式的舒適度影響參與意願，普及性高的民俗文物能引發更大共鳴。因此，本研究挑選了普及性高且與生活相關的民俗文物，並且為展現「科技改善生活」的願景，會根據其特質改善使用中的不便或負面印象，作品分為三個系列：《The Roam闔境》、《Knock knock聖筊》和《Rotate厭勝》，分別探討後人類主義對「身分」、「未知」和「災難」的焦慮，並可視化呈現民俗文物提供的心靈慰藉。研究結果表明，對民俗文物進行推測設計有助於突破外型與宗教禁忌的限制，深入研究儀式行為及文化意涵有助於理解民俗信仰的共存與發展，但創作過程中需克服跨領域溝通及民眾對民俗文物知識不足的挑戰。Since 2020, the New Crown Epidemic and international tensions have changed our lives and made people feel that they have lost control of their future. At this time, technological development has been regarded as a panacea for social problems, and many people believe in the existence of a'technological utopia'. However, technological progress and civilization evolution have created a widening gap between human development and folk culture. This study focuses on folk culture and explores its future possibilities with technological development based on a posthumanist stance. The purpose of this study is to examine the concepts and characteristics of posthumanism and to understand how folk artifacts can be emotionally connected to their users through ritual behavior, and then to create and reshape the folk artifacts from a posthumanist perspective. After analyzing the posthuman art creations, this study concludes that"cleanliness" and "neatness" are commonly used design images in posthumanism, and can be analyzed by using "technological trust" and "social freedom" as the two axes, so that we can know the position of the artwork in the crosshairs, which also represents the creator's viewpoint on the future development of the artifacts. A large number of movements in the rituals of folk artifacts are used for the purposes of expressing sincerity, communicating with deities, and giving thanks. The interviews summarized the mechanism of interaction between users and folk artifacts, and found that the three elements of"scene," "ritual," and "artifact" are united in order to have an impact. In terms of creation, the works in this study are categorized into three series according to the characteristics of folk artifacts, ritual behaviors, and state of mind, namely, the immediate result of "action-changes", the unknown of "action-changes", and the time effect of "action-changes". The works include "The Roam", "Knock knock ", and "Rotate", which visualize the power of folk artifacts. The study concludes that speculative design of folk artifacts can help creators break through the limitations of artifacts' appearance and religious taboos; the study of ritual behaviors and cultural connotations of folk artifacts can help to understand the coexistence of folk beliefs in history and their future development; however, the creative process requires interdisciplinary communication and faces the challenge of the lack of knowledge of the general public about folk artifacts.