職場友誼對員工角色內外行為之影響：知識分享及情感性承諾之中介效果

Abstract

本研究以社會交換理論與情感事件理論為基礎，探討職場友誼對員工角色內外行為之影響，並了解知識分享在職場友誼與角色內行為──任務績效關係之中介效果、情感性承諾在職場友誼與角色內行為──組織公民行為之中介效果。 本研究採用問卷調查法搜集資料並實施量化統計，研究問卷以便利抽樣形式發放電子問卷，總計回收248份有效問卷，將調查資料進行整理、統計、分析和歸納，運用SPSS統計軟體檢驗問卷調查結果，再進一步比對、驗證本研究假設。本研究結果顯示：(1)職場友誼與知識分享具有正向關係；(2)知識分享與任務績效具有正向關係；(3)知識分享在職場友誼與任務績效的正向關係中具有中介效果；(4)職場友誼與情感性承諾具有正向關係；(5)情感性承諾與組織公民行為具有正向關係；(6)情感性承諾在職場友誼與組織公民行為的正向關係中具有中介效果。最後提出相對應的結論與建議，供學術及實務界之參考。

This research was based on social exchange theory and affective events theory to investigate the influence of workplace friendship on employees’ in-role& extra-role behavior, and to understand the mediation effect of knowledge sharing between the relationships of workplace friendship and in-role behavior (task performance); and the mediation effect of affective commitment between the relationships of workplace friendship and in-role behavior (organizational citizenship behavior). This research was conducted questionnaire survey method to collect the data and implement the quantitative statistics. The research questionnaires were adopted convenience sampling, and were delivered in an electronic format via an internet-based program. 248 valid questionnaires were collected. The survey data were sorted, counted, analyzed and summarized, the results of the questionnaire were tested through SPSS statistical software. And then compared and verified the hypothesis of this research. The results of this study indicated that: (1) workplace friendship and knowledge sharing possess a positive relationship; (2) knowledge sharing possess a positive relationship with task performance; (3) the positive relationship between workplace friendship and task performance is mediated by knowledge sharing; (4) workplace friendship and affective commitment possess a positive relationship; (5) affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior possess a positive relationship; and (6) the positive relationship between workplace friendship and organizational citizenship behavior is mediated by affective commitment. As a result, the corresponding conclusions and suggestionsmay serve as a reference for the academic researchers and business practitioners.