日本教職論之研究

Abstract

本研究之主要目的，在於探討日本教職之基本觀點，並瞭解日本經過諸多歷史重大事件逐漸成型的三大教職觀點內涵及現今主要的教職觀點發展方向，在反觀我國情形後，據以提出建議，供日本與我國教職領域之參考。 為達成上述目的，本研究主要採用文件分析法為主，並輔以歷史研究法進行研究。在文件分析方面，主要參考日本文部科學省的官方資料、日本各大教職員團體的最新資訊、日本教育期刊與相關專書之資料、以及台灣專家學者所發表的期刊論文等相關資料；在歷史研究方面，則廣泛閱覽日本歷史發展與重大事件的影響。經由上述文件的蒐集、閱讀與分析，釐清日本三大教職觀點的歷史發展來龍去脈與特徵內涵，評析日本現今教職領域的發展情勢，思考日本整體未來教職觀點趨勢，並提出結論與建議。 根據研究分析發現，綜合歸納以下結論： 一、 日本教職觀 (一) 聖職者觀 1. 教師信念—教育之職，責無旁貸 2. 教師文化—師生情切，同儕禮待 3. 教師圖像—時省己身，受人敬仰 (二) 勞動者觀 1. 教師信念—吾身權益，不容輕忽 2. 教師文化—同坐一舟，沆瀣一氣 3. 教師圖像—朝九晚五，師責何存 (三) 專門者觀 1. 教師信念—自我精進，擴展視野 2. 教師文化—經驗分享，共同成長 3. 教師圖像—專業氣息，值得信賴 二、 給台灣的啟示 (一) 回歸最初觀點 (二) 參酌間接經驗 (三) 鼓勵教員結社

This study attempts to expound the basic concepts of the three major basic concepts of Japanese teaching profession and try to understand them through some important events in Japan’s history. To achieve the above purposes, the research adopted the method of literature review and historical research . In the literature review, mostly consulting the data released from the Ministry of education, Culture, Sports, Science and the Technology of Japan, Japanese teachers’ organizations , periodicals and articles etc related to Japanese teaching profession both in Japan and Taiwan. In the historical research, read about Japanese history comprehensively and detected the effects on it. After analysis of the data, reached to the following conclusions： 一、 The concepts of Japanese teaching profession (一) teacher as clergyman 1. teachers’ belief：responsibility for education is non-displaced 2. teachers’culture：closeness between teachers and students and politeness between teachers 3. teachers’ image： always self-reflection and respected (二) teacher as labor 1. teachers’ belief：do not neglect our rights and interests 2. teachers’culture：hang together 3. teachers’ image：where is your responsibility for students (三) teacher as specialist 1. teachers’ belief：self-developed and enlarge sights 2. teachers’culture：shares experience and develops together 3. teachers’ image：profession is believable 二、 The suggestions for Taiwan (一) get back to the original point (二) consult others' experience (三) encourage establishing teachers' union