工作熱情對創新行為影響之研究─以自我導向學習與職場友誼為中介變項

Abstract

行政院國家經濟委員擬定「黃金十年國家願景」的施政主軸，其內容涵蓋「活力經濟、公義社會、廉能政府、優質文教、永續環境、全面建設、和平兩岸，以及友善國際」等八大願景（行政院國家經濟委員會，2011），而每一項願景的施政主軸均規劃與全面提升創新能力有關的議題，可知創新行為不僅可使企業突破困厄的環境，創造最合適的生存契機，永保企業的競爭力，也是國家發展重要的政策。 近年來面對國際上廉價航空公司的陸續成立及天空開放政策的影響，對國內航空公司的經營形成莫大的壓力。國內二家龍頭航空公司C集團及E集團都在評估未來跟進成立廉價航空公司或航線的可行性；除此之外如何推出新航線、新產品、新服務、新行銷模式及更優質的服務以超越同業，對航空業的永續經營是刻不容緩的課題。然而，企業要永保競爭力，就得靠全體員工共同的努力，而具工作熱情的員工是企業永續經營的基石，因此具工作熱情、自我導向學習行為的員工，透過學習運用知識或關鍵資訊可以有創新行為的產生，進而為組織創造利潤。除此之外，具工作熱情的員工，藉由職場中友誼的相互激勵與協助，也能為組織的產品帶來創新的構想。 因此，本研究之目的在探討航空公司具工作熱情、自我導向學習行為及職場友誼的員工對組織創新行為之影響。經由資料分析後，得到以下結論：（1）工作熱情對自我導向學習有正向影響。（2）工作熱情對創新行為具有正向影響。（3）工作熱情對職場友誼有正向影響。（4）自我導向學習對創新行為具有正向影響。（5）職場友誼對創新行為有正向影響。（6）自我導向學習對工作熱情影響創新行為具有部分中介效果（7）職場友誼對工作熱情影響創新行為不具中介效果。 本研究成果，希望能提供航空產業藉由具工作熱情的員工透過自我導向學習吸取新知識與新技能，及友善的職場友誼，將個人內在需求與外在組織的要求，相互結合，激發出創新行為，確保企業永續經營。

The Council for Economic Planning and Development of Executive Yuan has launched the major policy of “Innovation Openness and Structural Adjustment to Launch Taiwan’s Golden Decade,” where eight main visions (Vigorous Economy, Just Society, Clean and Competent Government, Prime Culture and Education, Sustainable Environment, Comprehensive Development, Cross Strait Peace, and International Amity) are revealed in this policy. The primary achievements of the eight main visions are all related to innovation in development. As we can see, innovation is not only to breakthrough difficult business development, but also to enable enterprises to enhance their competitiveness and survivability. In the recent years the creation of many Low Cost Carriers (Budget Airline) caused strong competition in the aviation market, in which these new airlines became newfound operating pressure for traditional airlines. C Airlines and E Airways are now assessing the impact and feasibility on the establishment of a low-cost airline or routes. In addition to Low Cost Carriers, how can they create new products? How can they provide better quality of service? The above are also the most important and pressing issues of sustainable management of the airline industry. However, to maintain the constant competitiveness of the enterprises, joint efforts from all corporate staff is a must. The employee who has a passion for work and self-directed learning is the cornerstone of sustainable development of an enterprise. To assist those staff to utilize the knowledge and information more effectively through learning will assist the staff to create their own innovative behavior, which can also create further benefits to the enterprise. In addition, by the mutual encouragement and assistance of a workplace friendship of the employee who has a passion for work can also produce innovative ideas for the organization. This research aims to study the influence on organizational innovation behavior of airlines employees who has a passion for work, self-directed learning behavior, as well as workplace friendships. Seven conclusions after analysis of the data retrieved, they are: （1）The employee who possesses a passion for work has a positive influence on self-directed learning.（2）The employee who possesses a passion for work has a positive influence on innovative behavior.（3）The employee who possesses a passion for work has a positive influence on workplace friendship（4）Self-directed learning has a positive influence on innovative behavior.（5）Workplace friendship has a positive influence on innovative behaviors.（6）The mediation effect of self-directed learning in passion for work effecting on innovative behavior is only partial.（7）Workplace friendship has no mediation effects in passion for work effecting on innovative behavior. I hope the results of this research can be provided to aviation industry as a reference to organize and assist employees. Particularly those who have a passion for work to acquire new knowledge, new skills, as well as workplace friendship through self-directed learning, and integrate the employee’s inner demands with the corporate requirements to stimulate new innovative behaviors for the purpose of sustainable business management.