台北市高中職學生霸凌行為及其相關因素之研究
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2013
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本研究旨在探討臺北市高中職學生霸凌行為現況,並探討背景變項、個人因素、家庭因素、學校因素與霸凌行為之關係。以一百學年度第一學期在學之臺北市公、私立高級中學及高級職業學校日間部一到三年級學生為母群體;以橫斷式調查研究法,採分層集束隨機抽樣,以「班級」為單位,抽取2所高中,2所高職,每年級各一班,共24班學生為樣本,最後得有效問卷415份,有效回收率達94.7%。研究結果,得重要發現如下:
一、研究對象在個人因素方面,暴力認知、情緒控制及偏差行為偏正向;
自我概念及溝通技巧偏負向。在家庭因素方面,父母親與主要照顧者
的管教方式皆以「開明權威」為最多,其次為「專制權威」;在親子
依附上,父母親與主要照顧者親子依附關係尚佳。在學校因素方面,
導師領導風格及同儕關係亦不錯。在霸凌行為方面,研究對象整體霸
凌行為尚屬輕微,但就各分量表平均值來比較,則以「言語霸凌」較
為嚴重。
二、就個人因素來看,研究對象暴力認知越負向、情緒控制越差、自我概
念越不佳、溝通技巧越不佳及偏差行為越高其越可能有霸凌行為。就
家庭因素來看,研究對象母親管教方式屬於專制權威者相較開明權威
者會有較多的霸凌行為;而父親及母親親子依附程度越高其霸凌行為
就越少。就學校因素來看,研究對象同儕關係越不好其越可能有霸凌
行為。
三、研究對象之背景變項、個人因素、家庭因素及學校因素可以有效預測
其霸凌行為,並可解釋霸凌行為總變異量為32.2%,其中以男生、暴
力認知越負向者、偏差行為越多者及同儕關係越差者,越傾向有霸凌
行為。
This research was completed with a cross-sectional survey method and in accordance with students from first semester of the one hundred academic year for senior high and vocational high schools in Taipei city. This study used questionnaire surveys by the stratified-cluster random sampling method. We selected first to third year high school students from 12 different classes. A total of 415 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective return rate is 94.7%.The important summary is as follow: 1. Research factors in terms of personal factors, violence cognition, emotional control, and deviant behavior tended to be positive; self-concept and communication skills tended to be negative. In terms of family factors, the leading parenting style of primary caregivers is authoritative. The second is authoritarian parenting. In general, the relationship between primary caregivers and our participants were relatively well. In terms of school factors, guidance styles of teachers and inter-relationships between peers were generally well. On the other hand, bullying behaviors were still slightly noted, while verbal bullying was more common than other types of bullying behaviors. 2. In terms of personal factors, the higher rate of violent cognitions, worse emotional control, poorer self-concept, poorer communicating skills and increase deviant behavior subjects were more likely involved in bullying. Family factors also plays a significant role. The parenting style of the subject’s mother is authoritarian rather than authoritative, more likely to be involved in bullying behavior;The subjects had higher dependence to their parents, bullying behavior was less likely to be noted. Lastly, students that had poorer interrelationships with peers were more likely to show bullying behaviors. 3. The result indicated that personal background, personal factors, family factors and school factors can predict bullying behaviors which can explain 32.2% of the total variance. The following people will have more bullying behaviors: boys, increased violent thoughts, more deviant behaviors and poorer peer relationships.
This research was completed with a cross-sectional survey method and in accordance with students from first semester of the one hundred academic year for senior high and vocational high schools in Taipei city. This study used questionnaire surveys by the stratified-cluster random sampling method. We selected first to third year high school students from 12 different classes. A total of 415 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective return rate is 94.7%.The important summary is as follow: 1. Research factors in terms of personal factors, violence cognition, emotional control, and deviant behavior tended to be positive; self-concept and communication skills tended to be negative. In terms of family factors, the leading parenting style of primary caregivers is authoritative. The second is authoritarian parenting. In general, the relationship between primary caregivers and our participants were relatively well. In terms of school factors, guidance styles of teachers and inter-relationships between peers were generally well. On the other hand, bullying behaviors were still slightly noted, while verbal bullying was more common than other types of bullying behaviors. 2. In terms of personal factors, the higher rate of violent cognitions, worse emotional control, poorer self-concept, poorer communicating skills and increase deviant behavior subjects were more likely involved in bullying. Family factors also plays a significant role. The parenting style of the subject’s mother is authoritarian rather than authoritative, more likely to be involved in bullying behavior;The subjects had higher dependence to their parents, bullying behavior was less likely to be noted. Lastly, students that had poorer interrelationships with peers were more likely to show bullying behaviors. 3. The result indicated that personal background, personal factors, family factors and school factors can predict bullying behaviors which can explain 32.2% of the total variance. The following people will have more bullying behaviors: boys, increased violent thoughts, more deviant behaviors and poorer peer relationships.
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Keywords
霸凌行為, 個人因素, 家庭因素, 學校因素, bullying, actors, family factors, school factors