網際網路兒童及少年性剝削樣態及人口社會因素之差異分析

Abstract

我國積極因應國際數位浪潮，推動前瞻計畫以提升數位及科技工具應用，但在隨著全面數位化的迅速推進及高網路普及率的情境下，帶來許多優勢同時也伴隨著不良影響，涉及經濟、教育、交通等各方面，並深化至每位國民的生活。然而，隨著數位化的提升，針對兒童及少年的數位教育及法治仍未跟上步伐。近年社會案件中，網路中兒童與少年受騙及受害的情況屢見不鮮，從2015年的《兒童及少年性剝削防制條例》更名到2017年的修法，到2023年再次修法。法條幾經修正，反映了兒少受害的類型多元變化。其中，性剝削兒童及少年的受害樣態已由早期的接觸式演變為現今網路所影響的非接觸式或非接觸式合併接觸式。本研究以量化方式，整合生態系統理論、社會解組理論、暴力容許理論與分析不同官方資料庫，探討影響網路兒少性剝削人數消長之人口社會相關因素。研究發現：自2017至2022年，整體性剝削案件量增加，並以網路兒少性剝削案件為最大宗。受害者以女性為居多，而男性與女性受害者人數皆為上升趨勢。年齡部分，15至18歲受害人數最多，12至15歲次之，12歲以下最少。地區部分，受害者人次六都高於非六都。其中，對網路兒少性剝削較具關鍵影響因素為社工人力數、暴力犯罪發生數等。根據研究結果，本研究建議，政府制定相關法令及政策，以提升科技素養國民教育，各級業管機關擬定區域聯防策略、資源共享網絡合作，檢視現行法規予以補強、加強性剝削防制宣導，以俾利於我國之兒少性剝削防制。

The rapid advancement of comprehensive digitalization and high internet penetration rates in Taiwan have brought many advantages and negative impacts. However, despite the advancements in digitization, digital education and legal frameworks concerning children and adolescents have yet to keep pace. In recent social cases, instances of children and adolescents falling victim to or being deceived online have become increasingly common. The renaming of the Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act in 2015, its amendment in 2017, and the revision in 2023. The Act has been revised several times to reflect the diverse changes in the types of harm experienced by minors. Among these changes, the patterns of sexual exploitation of children and adolescents have shifted from earlier contact-based methods to the current non-contact or a combination of non-contact and contact-based methods influenced by the Internet.In this study, a quantitative approach was used to integrate ecological systems theory, social disorganization theory, and legitimate violence theory and analyze data from various official databases to explore the factors related to the fluctuations in the number of minors affected by online sexual exploitation.The research concludes that the overall number of exploitation cases has been increasing since 2017 to 2022, with online child and adolescent sexual exploitation cases being the most prevalent. In terms of gender, most victims are female, and the number of male and female victims is increasing. Regarding age, the most victims are between 15 and 18 years old, followed by those between 12 and 15 years old, with the fewest victims being under 12 years old. Geographically, the number of victims in the six metropolitan areas is higher than in non-metropolitan areas.The key related factors over the years include the number of social workers, the number of violent crimes, the child and adolescent population, the Internet usage rate, and the juvenile crime rate.The findings suggest that the government should improve technology literacy in civics education, develop regionally coordinated defense plans, establish resource-sharing agreements between counties and cities, and promote network cooperation among relevant authorities at all levels. It also recommends that the government review and strengthen existing regulations and intensify public awareness of the prevention of sexual exploitation. These measures aim to enhance the prevention of child and adolescent sexual exploitation in our country.