國小高年級學童間接攻擊與自我概念之探究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國小高年級學童間接攻擊與其自我概念之關係，以瞭解國小學童間接攻擊與自我概念的現況，分析不同性別、年級之國小學童在間接攻擊、自我概念上的差異情形，以及間接攻擊與自我概念之關係。 採用問卷調查法，選取台北縣三所國民小學的五、六年級學童為研究對象，共得有效樣本340份。本研究所使用的工具包括：「間接攻擊量表」與「自我概念量表」。所得資料以獨立樣本t檢定與多元逐步迴歸進行考驗。研究結果發現如下： 一、受試學童在校園中使用間接攻擊的情況並不普遍。 二、從自我概念之得分來看，本研究受試學童的自我概念水準屬中等程度。與常模比較後顯示本研究受試學童的自我概念偏低。 三、不同性別、年級之國小學童其使用間接攻擊的頻率沒有差異。 四、不同性別之國小學童的整體自我概念沒有差異。就自我概念分量表而言，女生的「外貌」和「情緒」自我概念較男孩來的正向；男生則在「身體」自我概念上的感知優於女生。 五、不同年級之國小學童的自我概念有差異存在，五年級學童總體自我概念比六年級學童正向。就分量表而言，五年級學童對於「家庭」與「外貌」自我概念的感知高於六年級。 六、高、低間接攻擊者在總體自我概念上沒有差異存在，但高間接攻擊者對於「學校」、「外貌」與「情緒」自我概念的感知高於低間接攻擊者。 七、間接攻擊與自我概念中「外貌自我」與「情緒自我」兩個面向有正相關，外貌自我概念能預測10.6%的間攻擊行為。The purpose of this research is to investigate the indirect aggression and self-concept of higher-grades elementary school students. The participants includes 340 fifth and sixth graders in total, was drawn from three public elementary schools in Taipei County. Instruments used in this study were “Indirect Aggression Scale” and “The Self-Concept Scale For Elementary School Children”. T-tests and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings are as follows: 1.The research result shows that the indirect aggression of higher-grades elementary students is not pervasive. 2.The students have average-scores of self-concept. Comparing to the norms, it indicates that the self-concepts of students in this research are low. 3.The frequency of indirect aggression use shows no significant difference between genders and grades. 4.There is no significant difference in the whole self-concept between diverse genders. As for the self-concept subscale, girls’ self-concepts of “appearance” and “emotion” are more positive than boys’; boys’ “physical” concepts are significant higher than girls’. 5.There is significant difference in the whole self-concept between diverse grades; overall, the concepts of 5 th grade students’ is more positive than 6th graders. As for the subscale, 5th graders perception of self-concept in family and appearance is higher than 6th graders. 6.There is no significant difference in the whole self-concept between high and low indirect aggressors. However, high indirect aggressors’ perceptions of self-concept in “school”, “appearance” and “emotion” are higher than low indirect aggressors’. 7.The indirect aggression positively correlates with the two aspects of self-concept—“appearance” and “emotion”. The indirect aggression of elementary school students could be effectively predicted by “appearance” self-concept, which accounted for 10.6% of the total variance of indirect aggression behavior.