兩岸電視新聞記者工作價值認知之研究

Abstract

近年來，中國大陸話語權在世界上佔有一席之地，加上全球化與數位化之下的訊息傳遞流動性高速且普及，更關鍵的，兩岸在經濟、政治、外交關係等各方面，連動性相當深，相關新聞報導為雙方正確了解對岸的重要窗口，因此，爬梳國家、電視台、記者於結構中的交互關係，國家規範與支配手段、電視台所有權與功能角色、記者身分取得與新聞產製流程，解析體制規定及現況與其背後的權力運作關係，如何形塑電視台記者新聞工作價值、認知及場域中的應對策略，是否影響或有多大程度影響產新聞製流程與結果，從中了解閱聽人接收的訊息內容如何被選擇、真實程度為何、真相有否較易遭有權力者掩蓋等情事，有助於閱聽人對兩岸電視新聞具思辨與批判的識讀能力。本研究採比較研究法、參與觀察與深度訪談，發現兩岸因政治體制不同，電視台之功能定位差異性相當大，記者在進入新聞職場前，對新聞工作的認知受其身處的國家體制、家庭、教育等影響，直到進入電視台後，會因國家及電視台規範、支配力量及程度、與新聞場域內的權力互動，形塑出抗爭、轉業、調整規避、接受、內化、自我審查等應對策略，進一步影響其新聞工作價值認知並呈現於報導中。In recent years, mainland China has gained a place in the world. Furthermore, under the globalization and digitalization, the flow of information transmission is rapid and popular. More importantly, the Cross-strait are fairly interconnected in economic, political, and diplomatic relations,and relevant news reports are an important window for both parties to correctly understand the other side. Therefore, it is necessary to review the interaction between the state, TV stations, and reporters in the structure, national norms and control methods, TV station ownership and functional roles, reporter status acquisition and news production process. Analyze the relationship between the system and the current situation and the power operation behind it, how to shape the work value, cognition and field response strategies of TV reporters, whether or to what extent it affects the process and results of the production news system, and understand the readers from it How the content of the received message is selected, its true degree, and whether the truth is more likely to be concealed by a powerful person, etc., will help readers have the ability to think and critically. The study adopts comparative research methods, and in-depth interviews. It is found that due to the different political systems on Cross-strait, the functional positioning of television stations is different. Before entering the journalism workplace, the reporter’s perception of journalism is affected by the national system and family, education, etc. Until after entering the TV station, due to national and TV station norms, dominant power and degree, and interaction with power in the news field, to further influence the reporter perception of the value of journalism and will be shaped for strategies to resistance, transfer, adjustment, avoidance, acceptance, internalization, self-censorship and other responses, and appear in the reporting.