台北地區大學生電視新聞識讀能力之研究

Abstract

在媒體資訊發達的社會，大學生在面對電視新聞品質日趨低落的現代，是否有能力判斷電視新聞內容是真實或虛構的？媒體識讀教育是現今重要的課程之一，所以本研究主要目的在於了解大學生對於電視新聞內容的識讀狀況，將調查結果給予專家學者們參考，並提出建議，將來可納入電視新聞識讀教育的課程當中，給予學校安排課程內容時的一個參考，故本研究採用問卷調查法與深度訪談法兩部分，在調查法方面，以台北地區的大學生為研究對象，按比例選取4間大學，共200人，研究工具則是自編之「大學生電視新聞識讀能力問卷」，深度訪談部分，以國內對媒體與教育有研究的專家學者為研究對象，研究工具則是專家訪談大綱，訪問2人，問卷調查200份中，可用問卷177份，可用率88.5%，在資料分析上利用統計軟體SPSS11.0進行統計分析，採用敘述性統計、卡方考驗、T檢定、單因子變異數分析等，經統計分析獲得以下結論：

一、台北地區的大學生以每週天天看新聞、平均看新聞時間16-30分鐘、沒有固定時間收看新聞、喜愛看娛樂新聞、看新聞的主要目的為獲得新知見聞者居多。 二、台北地區的大學生認為收看電視新聞對日常生活是有影響的 三、不同背景變項之台北地區大學生的收視行為狀況皆有所不同 四、台北地區大學生的電視新聞識讀能力有待提升，以「價值體系之分析」最為了解 五、不同科系的台北地區大學生電視新聞識讀能力有差異 六、性別、年級、收視時間在大學生電視新聞識讀能力並無顯著不同 七、台北地區大學生的電視新聞識讀教育應由淺入深，媒體改革由大環境做起 八、媒體識讀教育應納入中學課程當中

Did college student have the ability to judge the content of TV news true or false in the low quality TV news age, in the society that media information developed? Therefore we can know one of the most important courses is media literacy education, the purpose of research is to examine colleges students TV news literacy. The researcher offered the investigation to the experts and scholars to consult, and advance the suggestion. Those conclusions can bring into TV news literacy course in the future and offer consultations to school which arranged course content. So this research adopts the two methods of questionnaires and in-depth interview.

In the questionnaires method, the research regarded college students of metropolitan Taipei as the research object and chose 4 colleges according to proportion about 200 people. The instrument was “the questionnaires of the TV news literacy on college students ” In in-depth interview method, the research regarded experts and scholars who studied in media or education as research object domestically. The instrument was expert’s interview guideline and estimated that visits 2 people. The number of samples was 200, with 177 effective ones retrieved, so the usability rate was 88.5%. All data were analyzed byDescriptive Statistics, Chi-square test, T-test, one-way ANOVA.

The conclusions of this study were as follows: 1. Most Taipei college students watch TV news everyday in every week, the average time of watching TV news is 16-30 minute, don’t fix time to watch TV news, they like entertainment news, the purpose of watching TV news is to get knowledge.

2. Most Taipei college students thought it is influential to watch TV news in daily life.

3. Taipei college students who have different backgrounds have different behavior of watching TV news. 4. The TV news literacy ability of Taipei college students needed to be raised.

5. The TV news literacy ability of different department college students were different in Taipei.

6. The effects of gender, grade and TV hours on TV news literacy ability were distinctively not different.

7.Taipei college students’ TV news literacy education must be from shallow to deep, media education be reformed in media society.

8.Media literacy education must bring into journal high school curriculum.