封閉式團體中社會價值傾向與人際互動的關聯性研究

Abstract

人是群居動物，時時均需與不同的對象互動，人際關係的好壞影響著個體的身心健康，因此如何擁有良好的人際關係成了我們不斷學習的課題。人際關係不僅受到個人特質所影響，亦受到個體間互動狀況所影響。個體間的互動狀況則涉及了資源分配的傾向，過去研究發現利他行為越多者的人際關係越好。社會價值傾向能夠展現個體在資源分配時的偏好模式。本研究直接測量個體的社會價值取向並探討其與人際關係的關聯性。本研究以三重優勢測量評估社會價值傾向，並以二項提名式社會測量法評估個體在封閉式群體中的社交地位。本研究有三個主要目的：第一、了解社會價值傾向與人際關係的現況；第二、觀察社會價值傾向與人際互動的關聯性；第三、了解個人背景變項對人際關係的影響。本研究發現社會價值傾向與人際關係間具有顯著差異，且親社會傾向者擁有較佳的人際關係。其中主觀人際關係指標與客觀人際關係指標之間具有顯著正相關。綜合上述發現顯示無論以主觀或客觀作為人際關係的指標，社會價值傾向均與人際關係的優劣有關。此外，性別及不同手足數對人際關係有影響，年齡對人際關係則不具影響。

People live within social group who need to interact with different ones from time to time. Previous studies have showed that the quality of interpersonal relationships affects our physical and mental health. Interpersonal relationships are not only affected by personal characteristics, but also by the interaction between individuals. We allocated resources to ourselves and others whom we interacted with. The past studies have showed that people who exercise more altruistic behaviors have better interpersonal relationship. The tendency of resources allocation can be classified by three different types of social value orientation, and which can be measured by triple-dominance measure. The purpose of the present study is to examine the relation between social value orientation and the interpersonal relationship within the closed groups. In this study, the 9-Item Triple-Dominance Measure is used to evaluate social value orientation, and the sociometric technique is used to evaluate the interpersonal relationship. The results of the present showed that people with prosocials tendencies have better interpersonal relationships.