中高齡者健康促進生活型態及相關因素之研究-以臺北市某行政區為例

Abstract

本研究目的在探討中高齡者健康促進生活型態及其相關因素。以臺北市萬華區年齡45到64歲的中高齡者為研究對象，採自填問卷方式進行資料蒐集，共發出420份問卷，回收有效問卷400份，回收率達95%。使用SPSS for Window23.0套裝軟體進行描述性統計與推論性統計分析。研究工具包括個人屬性資料、自覺健康狀況量表及健康促進生活型態量表。本研究結果歸納如下:一、研究對象的自覺健康狀況分數介於中等以上，在健康促進生活型態構面中，以壓力管理得分最高，其餘依次為營養、健康責任、自我實現、人際支持，其中以運動行為的得分最低。二、研究對象社會人口學變項對健康促進生活型態有明顯關聯性。三、研究對象的自覺健康狀況與健康促進生活型態為顯著正相關。四、研究對象之顯著預測變項是社會人口學變項中的年齡、婚姻狀況、經濟狀況、子女數及自覺健康狀況等五項，共可解釋健康促進生活型態總變異量的62.6%，其中以「疾病史（有 vs 無）」的影響力最高，有20.8%。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the health-promoting lifestyles and related factors among middle-aged andelderly people. The research subjects are middle-aged and senior citizens aged 45 to 64 in Wanhua District of Taipei City. A total of 420 questionnaires were sent out, and 400 valid questionnaires were collected. The recovery rate was 95%. SPSS for Window23.0 software package was used to perform descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis. Several research tools were used in this study including demographic variables, self-perceived health status scale and health-promoting lifestyle profile. The results are as following:1.Subjects had above middle level scores in perceive health status. Stress management scored the highest in perspective of health-promoting lifestyle followed by nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, physical activity, and health responsibility. The lowest score falls into the category of physical activity.2.The socio-demographic variants of the subjects were significantly related to their health-promoting lifestyles.3.There was a positive correlation between perceived health status and health-promoting lifestyle.4.The most prominent predictor for health-promoting lifestyle are socio-demographic factors including age, marital status, financial status, and self-perceived health status. The above variables can explain 62.6% of the variation in the health-promoting lifestyle, where"disease history" was the highest, at 20.8%.