約翰尼斯‧布拉姆斯《降E大調第二號中提琴與鋼琴奏鳴曲，作品一二零之二》之分析與演奏詮釋

Abstract

在約翰尼斯・布拉姆斯(Johannes Brahms, 1833-1897)的一生中，運用非常多樣化的編制來創作室內樂作品，共計二十四首，不僅在現今的室內樂音樂會中經常被演奏，使其室內樂作品極富重要性，且在十九世紀浪漫樂派中佔有一席之地。 而其中，布拉姆斯於生命中的最後七年間完成最後的四首室內樂作品，是在1891年欣賞邁寧根管弦樂團(Meiningen Court Orchestra)單簧管首席理查・慕爾菲特(Richard Mühlfeld, 1856-1907)技藝精湛的演奏後，激發了創作靈感，為單簧管這項樂器譜寫了《A小調單簧管三重奏》(Klarinettentrio A-Moll, Op. 114)、《B小調單簧管五重奏》(Klarinettenquintett H-Moll, Op. 115)；以及兩首作品編號一二零之作品《F小調第一號單簧管（或中提琴）與鋼琴奏鳴曲》(Sonata for Clarinet (Viola) and Piano No. 1 in F Minor)、《降E大調第二號單簧管（或中提琴）與鋼琴奏鳴曲》(Sonata for Clarinet (Viola) and Piano No. 2 in E-flat Major, Op. 120, Nr. 2)，且同時出版單簧管、中提琴與小提琴三種版本。 本篇論文主要探討《降E大調第二號中提琴與鋼琴奏鳴曲，作品一二零之二》，一共分為五個章節：第一章為緒論，包含此論文之研究動機與目的，以及研究方法和架構；第二章為文獻探討，概述作曲家的生平、重要作品及寫作特色、《降E大調第二號中提琴與鋼琴奏鳴曲，作品一二零之二》之創作背景及首演資訊；第三章為樂曲分析，將按照各樂章之調性、速度、曲式、主題與動機進行整理與分析，並加以比較中提琴與單簧管的版本差異；第四章為樂曲詮釋與有聲資料比較，以鋼琴合作的觀點來進行探討；第五章為結語。During the lifetime of Johannes Brahms (1833-1897), he utilized a large variety of instrumentation to compose chamber music. The twenty-four pieces in total are performed quite often in chamber music concerts nowadays, which shows great importance of his works and makes him one of the leading composers in the nineteenth century Romantic Music. Among his twenty-four chamber music pieces, four completed over his late seven years got the inspiration after watching the excellent clarinet principal of Meiningen Court Orchestra, Richard Mühlfeld (1856-1907) performing in 1891, including Clarinet Trio in A Minor, Op. 114, Clarinet Quintet in B Minor, Op. 115 and Sonata for Clarinet (Viola) and Piano No. 1 in F Minor, Op. 120, Nr. 1, Sonata for Clarinet (Viola) and Piano No. 2 in E-flat Major, Op. 120, Nr. 2. There are five chapters. First, the motivation, purpose, method and architecture of the research are described in chapter I. Next, in chapter II, the Brahms’ biography, composition style, critical works and the background of Sonata for Viola and Piano No. 2 in E-flat Major, Op. 120, Nr. 2 are also introduced. Chapter III gives the analysis of this composition and compares the differences between viola and clarinet version. In chapter IV, the point of view of Collaborative Piano to discusses Brahms’ Sonata for Viola and Piano No. 2 in E-flat Major, Op. 120, Nr. 2. Besides, the comparison of the audio sources is shown in this chapter as well. And followed by the conclusion in Chapter V.