以義大利高中生為對象之初級華語教材編寫研究

Abstract

大中華地區的影響力日漸上升的情況之下，全球非華人背景的華語學習者的群體快速增加。歐洲各國大學的漢學系如雨後春筍般擴散之外，最近幾年，歐洲國家開始發展大學程度以下的華語課程。 於是，歷史悠久的義大利漢學，正在面對將傳統的、以語法研究為主的教學法加以現代化的挑戰，還即將面臨青少年學習者的新需求。不幸的是，義大利教育制度，尤其是大學以下的，還缺乏可應用於現代外語教學的研究結果以及專業的華語教學師資，並且，更缺乏專業的華語教學設計者和教材編寫研究者。 2008年，義大利教育部在一所國立的讀住學校的國際理科高中，建立了實驗性的華語課程，教學對象為14／15歲的青少年，擔任教學工作為一位在台灣國立師範大學華語文教學研究所受過華語教學專業訓練的義大利籍的教師跟一位中國籍的講師。因為尚未發展針對義大利青少年的華語教材，所以該課程只好採用唯一所在針對義大利學習者的華語教材。但是，因為該教材適用對象為大學程度的學習者，所以不能完全滿足高中華語學習者的需求。 基於教學與教材編寫的相關理論以及針對青少年的華語教材的分析，本研究找出既有教材的不足之處以及改進的方法，希望可以提供增強教材針對性的建議，並透過編寫更符合學習者的需求的華語教材，提升教學的效果，而培養具有良好的溝通交際能力的華語人才。

With the steady growth of China’s influence on the world’s economy, everywhere on the planet the number of Chinese language learners increases rapidly. Besides Chinese Studies departments spreading all over European Universities, in recent years some European countries started to develop the teaching of Chinese language at the high school level. Thus, the Italian Sinology faces the challenge to shift from the traditional language pedagogy, centered on the study of grammar, to more modern methods in language teaching, which would fit better the needs of the new generation of young learners. Unfortunately, the Italian education system, especially below university levels, hasn’t yet fully developed a research on the teaching of modern languages, or on the training of specialized Chinese language teachers. Moreover, it’s missing personnel specialized in the design and compiling of Chinese teaching materials. In 2008 the Italian Ministry of Education established in a public boarding school’s international high school an experimental course in Chinese language. Learners age 14/15 years old; an Italian teacher graduated in Chinese language teaching from National Taiwan Normal University, and a Chinese lecturer are responsible for the teaching. Since it hasn’t been developed a Chinese Textbook for high school learners whose first language is Italian, the course has adopted the only textbook designed for Italian speakers available. But this textbook was intended to be used in university courses, and therefore it can’t fully meet the needs of high school learners. On the basis of the theory about textbook design and language studying, and after analyzing language textbooks intended for young learners, this study aims to find what needs to be changed in the currently used materials, hoping to give useful suggestions in order to develop Chinese teaching materials more specifically directed to the needs of the range of learners here taken into consideration, improving the effectiveness of teaching, and thus forming the Chinese speaking personnel required in the job market.