不同技能水準選手及不同情境對於籃球防守者眼睛視覺線索的影響

Abstract

許多的運動中，運動員必須在複雜且不斷變化的環境裡，做快速的決策。從刺激到反應所佔的時間是極短的，因此在這類快速的運動項目中，運動員的反應時間是非常重要的決定因素。要如何減少籃球防守者的判斷時間及做出正確決策的時間，唯有先知道防守者視覺線索，哪裡帶給防守者最直接的資訊，因此本研究的研究目的為：1.探討不同技能水準的籃球選手在防守的能力。2.探討不同技能水準的籃球選手在不同情境對籃球防守者眼睛凝視位置的影響。本研究對象為16名國內大專籃球選手為主要受試者，其中8位為現役大專男子甲組選手定為優秀球員組，另外8位為現役大專籃球乙組定為一般球員組。研究時間為2009年11月至12月進行。以實驗參與者配戴眼動儀的方式探討不同技能水準的籃球選手在不同情境對籃球防守者眼睛視覺線索的影響，經結果分析與比較可歸納出以下2點：1.優秀球員組在防守上成功次數較優於一般球員組，有較佳的防守能力。2.不同技能水準的籃球選手眼睛所凝視位置大致相同，但若防守者眼睛凝視「其他」位置時間較長時，導致失敗機率會增加。

A lot of movement, athletes must be in a complex and ever-changing environment, make quick decisions. Response from the stimulus to the share of air time is very short, so fast in such sports, the athlete's reaction time is very important deciding factor. How can I reduce the basketball defender of the time and make the right decisions to determine the time, only the first defender know visual cues, where defenders give the most direct information, so the purpose of this study is as follows: 1. Explore the different skill levels basketball player in the defensive capabilities. 2. To explore different skill levels of basketball players in different situations on the basketball defender impact of eye gaze position. The study enrolled 16 national junior college basketball players as the main subjects, of which 8 were active college men's Group A group of players as good players and another eight for the active college basketball players in Group B as a general group. Research time in November 2009 to 12 monthly basis. Participants in an experimental way to wear eye tracking to explore different skill levels of basketball players in different situations on the basketball defender visual cues of the eye, after analysis and comparison of the results can be summed up the following 2 points: 1. Excellent defensive player group the number of the more successful players than the general group, there is a better defensive capabilities. 2. Different skill levels of basketball players staring eyes roughly the same location, but if the defenders staring eyes, the "other" position when a longer time, resulting in failure probability will increase.