國中童軍團長工作壓力與因應策略之研究
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2011
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本研究旨在了解國中童軍團長的工作壓力感受情形與其使用的因應策略為何，並比較不同背景變項的國中童軍團長工作壓力與因應策略的差異，同時了解其間的相關情形。根據研究目的，本研究採調查研究法及訪談法，並以自編之「國中童軍團長工作壓力與因應策略調查問卷」為研究工具，研究對象則以台灣地區九十九學年度任教於臺北市、新北市公立國民中學（含完全中學）兼任童軍團長職務之教師，並且完成九十九年三項登記（團登記、服務員登記與團員登記）之童軍團長，共計有119所學校、142位團長。本研究獲得139份有效問卷，回收率為97.9%，資料分析以SPSS 12.0統計套裝軟體進行，採用次數分配及百分比、平均數及標準差、t檢定（t-test）、單因子變異數分析（ANOVA）、皮爾森積差相關等統計方法進行資料處理。訪談部份以半結構式的方式實施，採立意取樣方式選取訪談對象共四位，做更深入的訪談與了解。
本研究綜合研究結果，主要發現如下：
一、國中童軍團長普遍感受到有工作壓力，約為中等程度。其中以「團務運作」所感受的工作壓力最高，達到的中等以上程度，其他四個構面皆為中偏低的程度，依序為「學生行為」、「人際關係」、「教學方面」、「專業知能」等。
二、國中童軍團長普遍有使用因應策略，為經常使用的程度。最常使用的因應策略為「情緒調適」，其次依序為「問題解決」、「理性思考」、「尋求支持」、「延宕處理」。除「延宕處理」外，其他四個構面的平均數均超過量表平均數。
三、在不同背景變項中，不同性別、年齡、擔任團長原因、童軍活動經驗、童軍訓練經驗、帶領的童軍團屬性等六個變項會影響工作壓力的感受。
四、在不同背景變項中，不同年齡、擔任團長年資、擔任團長原因、童軍活動經驗等四個變項會影響因應策略的使用頻率。
五、國中童軍團長在整體工作壓力與整體因應策略之間有顯著的低度負相關。
最後，根據研究發現與結論，本研究分別對童軍總會及縣市童軍會、國民中學校長、國中童軍團長、未來研究，提出相關建議事項。
The purpose of the study was to determine the degree of the job stress of scoutmasters in junior high schools, the kinds of their coping strategies, and the relationship between them. Questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews as the main methodology were used to investigate how background variables of scoutmasters influenced their job stress and their coping strategies. A self-made questionnaire entitled as “Research Survey on Job Stress and Coping Strategies of Scoutmasters in Junior High School.” was distributed to the subjects including 142 scoutmasters who were formally registered at Local Scout Council from 119 public junior high schools in Taipei city and New Taipei city in Taiwan in 2010 academic year. 139 out of 142 questionaires were collected and SPSS 12.0 was utilized to analyze those data, the statistical methods such as frequency-distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation were used. As for the interviews, the four interviewees were chosen by judgement sampling and the interviews were conducted semi-structurally for more details. The findings of the study are as followed: 1.Scoutmasters in junior high school generally underwent job stress at mid degrees. Among the factors that caused job stress, the performance of scout troops caused job stress to mid-to-high degree, followed by student behavior, interpersonal relationship, instructions, and professional knowledge. 2.Facing job stress, scoutmasters often adopted coping strategies. Among these frequently-used strategies, emotioal adjustment comes at the top, followed by problem solving, rational thinking, seeking support, and delayed treatment. Except delayed treatment, the frequency of all the used strategies exceeds the average frequency on the scale. 3.The perception of job stress was influenced by six different background variables: (a) gender, (b) age, (c) the motivation of being scoutmasters, (d) the experience of scout activities, (e) the experience of scout training, and (f) the attributes of scout troops. 4.The frequency of the the use of coping strategies was affected by (a) age, (b) seniority of scoutmaster services, (c) the motivation of being scoutmasters, and (d) the experience of scout activities. 5.A negative correlation was discovered between the job stress of scoutmasters and their coping strategies. According to the findings and conclusions of the study, the researcher provides suggestions for scout associations, principals, scoutmasters in junior high schools, and for future studies.
The purpose of the study was to determine the degree of the job stress of scoutmasters in junior high schools, the kinds of their coping strategies, and the relationship between them. Questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews as the main methodology were used to investigate how background variables of scoutmasters influenced their job stress and their coping strategies. A self-made questionnaire entitled as “Research Survey on Job Stress and Coping Strategies of Scoutmasters in Junior High School.” was distributed to the subjects including 142 scoutmasters who were formally registered at Local Scout Council from 119 public junior high schools in Taipei city and New Taipei city in Taiwan in 2010 academic year. 139 out of 142 questionaires were collected and SPSS 12.0 was utilized to analyze those data, the statistical methods such as frequency-distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation were used. As for the interviews, the four interviewees were chosen by judgement sampling and the interviews were conducted semi-structurally for more details. The findings of the study are as followed: 1.Scoutmasters in junior high school generally underwent job stress at mid degrees. Among the factors that caused job stress, the performance of scout troops caused job stress to mid-to-high degree, followed by student behavior, interpersonal relationship, instructions, and professional knowledge. 2.Facing job stress, scoutmasters often adopted coping strategies. Among these frequently-used strategies, emotioal adjustment comes at the top, followed by problem solving, rational thinking, seeking support, and delayed treatment. Except delayed treatment, the frequency of all the used strategies exceeds the average frequency on the scale. 3.The perception of job stress was influenced by six different background variables: (a) gender, (b) age, (c) the motivation of being scoutmasters, (d) the experience of scout activities, (e) the experience of scout training, and (f) the attributes of scout troops. 4.The frequency of the the use of coping strategies was affected by (a) age, (b) seniority of scoutmaster services, (c) the motivation of being scoutmasters, and (d) the experience of scout activities. 5.A negative correlation was discovered between the job stress of scoutmasters and their coping strategies. According to the findings and conclusions of the study, the researcher provides suggestions for scout associations, principals, scoutmasters in junior high schools, and for future studies.
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Keywords
國中童軍團長, 工作壓力, 因應策略, scoutmasters in junior high schools, job stress, coping strategies