台北縣國中預防吸菸創意教學介入成效研究－ 主要教學、追加教學及整體教學評估

Abstract

一、研究目的： 進行國中生預防吸菸創意教學介入，並評價主要教學、追加教學與整體教學對菸害知識、吸菸態度、拒菸自我效能、吸菸行為意向，以及吸菸行為的影響。

二、研究方法： 採不相等實驗組對照組設計，以台北縣某兩所國中九班342名的七年級學生為對象，分為實驗組、校內對照組與校外對照組。實驗組在第一學期接受六節課的主要教學介入，第二學期接受三節課的追加教學；而校內與校外對照組僅於第一學期接受三節課的一般健康教育教學。三組於介入前、主要教學後和追交教學後均進行調查，以評估教學效果。

三、研究結果： 1. 研究對象中並無每天吸菸者，曾經嘗試吸菸的比率為7.1％，大部分為從未吸菸者，佔九成。 2. 主要教學後，實驗組的菸害知識和拒菸自我效能高於校內與校外對照組；而吸菸態度與吸菸行為意向則低於校內與校外對照組，並達顯著差異。 3. 追加教學後，實驗組的菸害知識與拒菸自我效能持續提升，而吸菸態度與吸菸行為意向持續下降，且與校內、校外對照組有顯著差異。 4. 整體教學介入能有效改善與維持實驗組學生的菸害知識、吸菸態度、拒菸自我效能與吸菸行為意向，與校內和校外對照組相較達顯著差異。 5. 在整體教學介入後，三組研究對象吸菸行為的改變均不大，且無明顯差異。

四、研究結論： 本研究證實預防吸菸創意教學對國中七年級學生的菸害知識、吸菸態度、拒菸自我效能及吸菸行為意向有正向效果，且追加教學能有效維持主要教學之成效。OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of smoking prevention intervention for 7th grade students in junior high school.

METHODS: A controlled trial was conducted in three groups（n=342）in northern Taiwan. The experimental group was given nine sessions of smoking prevention curriculum, and the control groups were given three sessions of regular health education. One way analysis of covariate was used to estimate the independent effects of the smoking prevention intervention on smoking knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy of refusing smoking and smoking intention.

RESULTS: The smoking prevention programs and boosters could improve and retain the experimental group’s smoking knowledge, attitude, self- efficacy of smoking and smoking intention, which were significantly higher than the two control groups.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that smoking prevention programs and boosters indeed have promising effect on improving adolescents’ smoking knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy of refusing smoking and smoking intention. Based on the study, modification with more rigor design and procedures can prospect more influence on junior high school students for intervention programs of smoking prevention.