生態因素對於臺灣大學生早發性性行為的影響：以中部一所大學為例

Abstract

以往研究指出早發性性行為和藥物濫用和負面健康／社會結果相關，但很少研究探討生態因素對臺灣大學生早發性性行為的影響。本研究以Bronfenbrenner的生態系統理論為基礎，選取理論中的微觀（個人）、中間（家庭、學校和同儕）及巨觀（社經地位）因素來檢驗其對臺灣大學生早發性性行為的影響。資料引用一針對中部一所醫學大學學生於2011～2012年進行的性行為調查，調查為橫斷式設計，使用結構型問卷。分析樣本包括302位大學生，平均年齡為21歲，52.9%為男性，21%有早發性性行為（20歲前發生）。本研究對不同性別分別採用多元羅吉斯迴歸分析。分析結果顯示男性吸菸者比男性非吸菸者更傾向於有早發性性行為 (OR= 9.27, 95% CI: 2.39-35.97)。有較佳的班級適應的男性較傾向於有早發性性行為 (OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.20-2.26)，父母對婚前性行為持開放態度的男性較傾向於有早發性性行為 (OR=0.6, 95% CI: 0.45-0.78)。另一方面，網路交友的女性較其他女性更傾向於發生早發性性行為 (OR = 4.25, 95% CI: 1.39-12.97)。有較強家庭連結的女性則不傾向發生早發性性行為 (OR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.09-0.69)。結果建議跨越不同系統層次的具整合性及針對特定性別的方案之重要性。建議未來研究能探索在男性同儕次文化中對於早發性性行為所建構的社會意涵及改變意涵的方式。

Prior research suggests that early sex experience is related to substance abuse and negative health and social outcomes. However, little is known about ecological predictors of early sex experience among Taiwanese university students. This study utilized Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory to examine predictors of early sex experience among university students in Taiwan. Ecological system factors selected for this study included micro-system (individual), meso-system (family, school, and peer), and macro-system (socioeconomic status) factors. Data were derived from a cross-sectional study, conducted between 2011 and 2012, on sexual behavior of students in a medical university in mid-Taiwan. Students completed a self-administered, structured questionnaire. The analytic sample consisted of 302 students with a mean age of 21, 52.9% being males, and 21% having sex before age 20. Multiple logistic regression was conducted for each sex. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that male smokers were more likely to have early sex experience than male nonsmokers (OR = 9.27, 95% CI: 2.39-35.97). Males with better class adjustment were more likely to have early sex experience (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.20-2.26), but those with parent’s more liberal attitude towards premarital sex were less likely to have early sex experience (OR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.45-0.78). For females, those who had dated via the internet were more likely to have early sex experience than were the others who had not done so (OR = 4.25, 95% CI: 1.39-12.97). Those females with stronger family bonds were less likely to have early sex experience than were the others (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.09-0.69). These findings suggest the necessity of integrative and gender-specific interventions, addressing risk factors across different system levels. Future research may investigate social meaning of early sex experience among male peer culture and ways to change the social meaning of early sex experience.