越南籍製造業移工華語教材設計與編寫研究

Abstract

臺灣自1989年開放引進外籍移工以來，使國內勞動力供需不均衡的現象得到了些許緩解，包含製造業、營建業、家庭幫傭以及漁業等相關產業都越來越依賴外籍移工所提供的勞動力。自1999年開放引進越南籍移工來臺，其中產業移工人數最多的就是越南籍，大多集中在金屬製品、機械設備以及塑膠製品等製造業。由於針對移工華語教材設計的相關研究較少，現有之相關教材對移工而言也不具針對性與實用性，所以本研究的研究焦點為瞭解越南籍製造業移工的華語學習需求，並針對其需求編寫適合的華語教材。為達研究目的，研究者首先透過文獻蒐集與分析探討專業華語教材的設計與編寫原則，再分析越南籍移工來臺前後的華語學習資源與培訓項目，歸納出移工華語學習資源的現況。為瞭解移工華語教材編寫的現況，研究者詳細分析了五本與移工華語相關的華語教材的內容。研究者也針對已經來臺的越南籍製造業移工進行問卷調查，並且訪談了三位移工雇主及仲介公司代表，以移工、雇主及仲介的三維度視角進行越南籍製造業移工華語學習需求分析，並以此作為教材撰寫之依據，進行越南籍製造業移工華語教材設計與編寫。本研究的教材設計主要以越南籍製造業移工在臺的生活交際情景與工廠工作情景為主，一共設計了十二課的初級華語教材大綱，並以職場工作安全為主題實際編寫出一課完整範例，邀請了五位移工華語教學專家進行教材評估，獲得正向評價，期待本研究能為後續移工華語教材編寫及相關研究有所貢獻與幫助。Since the introduction of migrant workers in 1989, there has been a significant reduction in the labor force gap in Taiwan. A growing number of industries, including manufacturing, construction, domestic services, and fishing, are dependent on the labor force provided by these migrant workers. Since 1999, it has been opened to introduce Vietnamese migrant workers to Taiwan, most of the migrant workers from Vietnam who come to Taiwan work in the manufacturing of metal, plastic, and machinery products.The design of Chinese teaching materials for migrant workers is insufficient, and the existing teaching materials are not practical and targeted at them. Hence, this study aims to examine the Chinese language learning needs of Vietnamese migrant workers employed in the manufacturing industry and to provide appropriate Chinese learning materials to suit their needs.Through a review of the literature, the research first investigates the concepts and structure of professional Chinese teaching materials. Secondly, research focuses on the resources used by Vietnamese migrant workers to learn Chinese before and after they arrive in Taiwan. Thirdly, it examines the content in five textbooks written in Chinese that are connected to migrant workers. Fourthly, conducts interviews with two migrant worker employers and a human resources agency representative while conducting a questionnaire on Vietnamese migrant workers in Taiwan. These studies served as the foundation for the development of Chinese material design for Vietnamese migrant workers in the manufacturing industry. The study's textbook is primarily based on real-world communication and workplace settings of Vietnamese migrant workers engaged in manufacturing in Taiwan. The Chinese teaching material design of this study is mainly based on the life scenarios of Vietnamese migrant workers in the manufacturing industry in Taiwan. A total of twelve lessons syllabus were designed, and a complete example of a lesson on the topic of workplace work safety was clearly written. The evaluation of textbooks by five Chinese teaching specialists on migrant workers resulted in positive comments. It is expected that this study will help develop Chinese material design for migrant workers and related research.