高雄市國民中學學生家長預防子女吸菸措施及相關因素探討

Abstract

摘 要 本研究主要目的在瞭解高雄市國民中學學生家長預防子女吸菸措施之現況以及家長背景資料變項、家長菸害知識、反菸態度、吸菸行為和家長預防子女吸菸措施之相關。 研究對象為高雄市九十五學年度第一學期在學的國、公、私立國民中學及高級中學附設國中之二年級學生家長，採比率機率抽樣法抽出八所國中，每校並隨機抽出三班國中二年級學生家長為研究樣本，共計獲得學生家長樣本867人，採自填式結構問卷為研究工具蒐集資料。 資料處理與分析採t 檢定、變異數分析、複迴歸、皮爾森積差相關、薛費氏事後檢定等統計方法進行統計檢定。 本研究結果如下： 一、家長菸害知識、反菸態度和預防子女吸菸措施呈現正相關。 二、家長本身不吸菸在預防子女吸菸措施各方面做得比有吸菸的家長來得好。 三、家長的背景資料變項、家長菸害知識、反菸態度及吸菸行為能夠顯著預測 其預防子女吸菸措施；其中菸害知識、反菸態度、吸菸行為、家庭管教方 式為預測家長預防子女吸菸措施總量表及六個分項上的重要預測變項。 四、「建立無菸家庭」該分項的總變異量，有42％可以由家長背景資料、菸 害知識、反菸態度、吸菸行為等變項來解釋 。 依據研究結果，建議未來推動親職教育重點可包含：加強菸害知識、建立反菸態度、學習人際溝通技巧、減少吸菸行為等層面，並且加強學校場域家長的參與度及提供家長多元學習管道。Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore parents’ strategies to prevent their children from smoking and to discuss the related factors. The survey was conducted in December, 2006. By using probability proportionate to size sampling method, the parents were chosen from the 8th graders in 8 junior high schools in Koushung City. Three classes were chosen from the 8th graders in 8 junior high schools , and 24 classes in total were studied. Totally, 867 parents completed their self-administered questionnaires at home. T test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's product-moment correlation and multiple regression statistics were used to examine the correlations between parents’ background variables, knowledge about the hazard of smoking, attitudes against smoking, smoking status, and their preventive strategies. The study has found the following conclusions: 1.Parents’ knowledge about the hazard of smoking and attitudes against smoking are positively relation to their preventive strategies. 2.Compared with smokers, nonsmoking parents had more strategies to prevent their children smoking. 3.Parents’ background variables, knowledge about the hazard of smoking, attitudes against smoking and smoking status can predict their preventive strategies. Knowledge about tobacco hazard, attitudes against smoking, parenting style and smoking behavior are important predicted variables of parents’ strategies to prevent their children from smoking. 4.These nine independent variables could explain 42% variation of “nonsmoking family strategies”. From conclusions, we suggest that the parental education should emphasis on their knowledge about the hazard of smoking , their attitudes against smoking , their communication skill and decrease their smoking behavior. Additionally, we should enhance the parents’ involvement of school active and provide more channel for parents to learning.