射箭課程對注意力缺陷過動症學生不專注行為及社會技能之影響

Abstract

注意力是學習的重要關鍵，當注意力有了缺陷，將影響其他複雜的認知功能；注意力缺陷學生在團體學習中，經常呈現自我形象與低自尊等問題，本研究的目的在探討射箭課程教學，對兩名注意力缺陷過動症學生不專注行為及社會技能之影響。研究以台北市某國中兩名注意力缺陷過動症學生為研究對象，研究方法採單一受試研究法中撤回實驗設計，自變項為射箭課程，依變項為不專注行為出現次數百分比及青少年社會行為之評量，教學期間觀察學生教室上課的學習狀況和射箭練習及參加比賽時與人相處的行為變化，共計十二週。研究資料蒐集採量與質並重的方式，量化資料以視覺分析及青少年社會行為評量前後測結果作為比較；質性資料以師生訪談紀錄和教學日誌資料持續比較，並以三角驗證法進行分析。研究結果發現：（一）射箭課程教學對注意力缺陷過動症學生不專注行為具有改善效果;（二）青少年社會行為評量前後測結果比較，射箭課程教學對注意力缺陷過動症學生的社會技能具有正面效果;（三）從教師、家長與學生的訪談資料及教學日誌分析中發現，射箭課程教學有助於改善注意力缺陷過動症學生不專注行為及提升社會技能。本研究根據研究結果提出建議，以提供教師作為注意力缺陷過動症學生之體育教學應用及未來相關研究參考。Attention is critical to learning. Attention deficit will affect other complicated cognitive functions. ADHD students usually have problems such as low self-concept and low self-esteem. This study aimed to investigate the effect that archery curriculum had on unconcentrating behaviors and social skills of ADHD students. The participants were two ADHD students in one junior high school in Taipei. The research method was single subject withdrawal. The independent variable was the archery curriculum; the dependent variables were the frequency of the unconcentrating behaviors and ASBS. During the 12-weeks archery teaching, the researcher observed participants’ learning and social behaviors in the classroom, while practicing archery and attending contests. Research data included quantitative and qualitative ones. Qualitative data were gained from comparison between pre-test and post-test of Visual Analysis and ASBS. Qualitative data included interview and teaching logs. Triangulation method was used for data analysis. The study found: 1) the archery curriculum had improving effect on unconcentrating behaviors of ADHD students; 2) comparison of pretest-posttest in ASBS indicated that the archery curriculum had positive effect on social skills of ADHD students; 3)data of interview of teachers, parents and students and data of teaching logs showed that the archery curriculum helped to modify unconcentrating behaviors and improve social skills of ADHD students. Based on the findings, this study provided suggestions for further studies on ADHD students in PE curriculum and other related researches.