電影運鏡應用於圖畫故事書創作之研究

Abstract

摘要 如果將圖畫書視為紙上電影，那麼一張圖畫就是一個鏡頭，一張張的圖畫銜接就是鏡頭的移動與剪接，在台灣現代生活中，看電影、電視的視覺經驗與對運鏡的理解，已是一個普遍性的經驗，這樣的經驗可轉化至閱讀圖畫書中，使圖畫書的創作與閱讀產生新的創作方式與閱讀方式，讓看圖畫書就像看電影一樣，本研究是以敘事理論與電影符號學的理論，研究敘事理論中情節的順序、張力與觀點，藉此探討圖畫故事書的內涵—故事，並透過探討電影技術中運鏡的景框、角度、鏡頭所代表的符號義，作為表現故事的形式—插畫創作的依據，來架構本研究的創作，對畫面作運鏡的安排，以符合創作者想要表達的情境與故事節奏，以實作探討電影運鏡運用於圖畫書創作的可行性。結果發現：情節的安排豐富了故事與圖畫上的變化，利用電影運鏡的角度、鏡頭於圖畫書的構圖上有助於強調情感與情緒；利用景框的改變與剪接的順序在圖畫書的圖片銜接上能凸顯故事的節奏感；而利用剪接的重組更可以將故事情節的順序作改變，可將圖畫書的圖片發展為卡片式，讓讀者成為編故事的人，產生看圖說故事的創造性閱讀方式。電影運鏡的語言確實可以提供圖畫書創作者參考與應用，後續亦可以發展為動畫。 關鍵字：電影運鏡、圖畫書、符號學Abstract If we regard picture story books as movies on the paper, then a picture stands for a shot, and the sequence of pictures represents the editing of films. In this modern society, it is convenient to fulfill the sense of sight from movies and TV programs, and easy to recognize the skills of cinematic shots. These experiences and knowledge applied to reading picture story books can lead to new ways of writing and reading them. The aim of this research, according to the narration theory and the semiology of movies, is to evaluate the possibility of applying cinematic shots to writing picture story books. Writers of picture story books would present the contexts and details of stories through pictures and illustrations adopted from the technology of shot-taking. Through my observation and investigation, the emotional and affective aspects of the story books have been marked out by various angles of shot-taking. Besides, changing the frames of cinematic shots, and arranging the pictures can highlight the tempo of stories. Moreover, re-compounding the sequences of pictures can change the development of stories; that is, each picture could be a card, and each reader becomes a story-maker by putting different cards into different orders. This will be a creative method of reading. Undoubtedly, the practice of cinematic shots can provide writers of picture story books some useful references and resources. It is also suggested that this way of writing picture story books can be developed into animations.