「看見真實」臺灣報紙對災難新聞報導之研究 -以空難新聞為例
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2016
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本研究以台灣四大報(蘋果日報、聯合報、中國時報、自由時報)作為樣本, 分析相距 12 年的兩大空難事件:2015 年初的復興台北空難,以及 2002 年中的 華航澎湖空難,檢視台灣報紙在新聞報導體裁、新聞報導框架主題、新聞報導主 角、新聞報導方向、空難新聞責怪對象,以及主要與次要消息來源等方面,經過 12 年的時間淬煉,台灣報紙在處理災難新聞報導的方式是否有所不同。
本研究運用內容分析法探討,研究結果發現,相距 12 年的復興台北空難以 及華航澎湖空難對於新聞報導框架主題、新聞報導主角、新聞報導方向、空難新 聞責怪對象,以及主要與次要消息來源等均有差異,台灣媒體在處理重大災難新 聞時,除了應避免媒體藉由災難渲染過度商業化,更應該做到告知與警示功能並 重,且增加深度分析報導與專題,記者平時也應多吸收各種專業資訊,強化報導 的說服力與專業性,亦有助於提升閱聽人對空難的警覺性。
In 2015, a plane of the TransAsia Airways crashed in Taipei. Back in 2002, a similar event happened when a plane of China Airlines crashed in Penghu. In order to understand if the Taiwanese newspapers have changed the way they report disaster news during the past decade, content analysis concerning the genres of news stories, the themes of the news frame, the leading roles in the news reports, the directions of the news reports, the main sources, and the secondary sources was conducted in this research, using samples from the four major Taiwanese newspapers, the Apple Daily, the United Daily News, the China Times, and the Liberty Times. Results indicate that the way Taiwanese newspapers report disaster news in 2015 differs from 12 years ago in several respects, including the genres of news stories, the themes of the news frame, the leading roles in the news reports, the directions of the news reports, the main source, and the secondary source. Based on the results, the researcher suggests that when dealing with important disaster news, the Taiwanese media should avoid exaggeration for commercial purposes. Moreover, reporters should play the important role of informing and warning, and they should report news stories in depth. Additionally, reporters should always reinforce the quality of their reports and make sure that disaster news contains important information for the audience.
In 2015, a plane of the TransAsia Airways crashed in Taipei. Back in 2002, a similar event happened when a plane of China Airlines crashed in Penghu. In order to understand if the Taiwanese newspapers have changed the way they report disaster news during the past decade, content analysis concerning the genres of news stories, the themes of the news frame, the leading roles in the news reports, the directions of the news reports, the main sources, and the secondary sources was conducted in this research, using samples from the four major Taiwanese newspapers, the Apple Daily, the United Daily News, the China Times, and the Liberty Times. Results indicate that the way Taiwanese newspapers report disaster news in 2015 differs from 12 years ago in several respects, including the genres of news stories, the themes of the news frame, the leading roles in the news reports, the directions of the news reports, the main source, and the secondary source. Based on the results, the researcher suggests that when dealing with important disaster news, the Taiwanese media should avoid exaggeration for commercial purposes. Moreover, reporters should play the important role of informing and warning, and they should report news stories in depth. Additionally, reporters should always reinforce the quality of their reports and make sure that disaster news contains important information for the audience.
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災難新聞, 空難, 框架, 內容分析, disaster news, air crash, frame, content analysis